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Chapter 8
Vocabulary
24
Chemistry
10th Grade
12/15/2008

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Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
The atoms held together by sharing electrons are joined by a covalent bond.
Term
Molecule
Definition
a neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds.
Term
Diatomic molecule
Definition
is a molecule consisting of two atoms.
Term
Molecular Compound
Definition
A compound composed of molecules is called a
Term
Molecular formula
Definition
the chemical formula of a molecular compound.
Term
Single Covalent Bond
Definition
Two atoms held together by sharing a pair of electrons are joined by
Term
Structural Formula
Definition
represents the covalent bonds by dashed and shows the arrangement of covalently bonded atoms.
Term
Unshared Pairs
Definition
A pair of valence electrons that is not shared between atoms.
Term
Triple Covalent Bond
Definition
A bond formed by sharing three pairs of electrons
Term
Double Covalent Bond
Definition
A bond formed by sharing two pairs of electrons
Term
Coordinate Covalent Bond
Definition
A covalent bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons
Term
Bond Dissociation Energy
Definition
The energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms.
Term
Resonance Structure
Definition
a structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion.
Term
Molecular Orbitals
Definition
orbitals that apply to the entire molecule
Term
Bonding Orbital
Definition
A molecular orbital that can be occupied by two electrons of a covalent bond
Term
Sigma Bond
Definition
When two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting two atomic nuclei.
Term
Pi Bond
Definition
The bonding electrons are most likely to be found in sausage-shaped regions above and below the bond axis of the bonded atoms.
Term
Nonpolar Covalent Bond
Definition
When the atoms in the bond pull equally, the bonding electrons are shared equally and the bond is a
Term
Polar Molecule
Definition
one end of the molecule is slightly negative and the other end is slightly positive.
Term
Dipole
Definition
A molecule that has two poles is
Term
Van Der Waals Forces
Definition
The two weakest attractions between molecules, which include: Dipole Interactions and Dispersion Forces
Term
Dipole Interactions
Definition
occur when polar molecules are attracted to one another
Term
Dispersion Forces
Definition
The weakest of all molecular interactions, caused by the motion of electrons.
Term
Hydrogen Bonds
Definition
Attractive forces in which a hydrogen covalently bonded to an unshared electron pair of another electronegative atom.
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