ATP

• adenosine triphosphate is a chemical compound cells use to store and release energy

• adenine, the sugar ribose, & 3 phosphate groups

• contract muscles,
• to make proteins,
• and in many other ways

• organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things

• organisims that make their own food

• photo comes from the greek word "light" and synthesis means "putting together"
• means "using light to put something together"
• the process by which autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy carbs (sugars & starches) that can be used as food

• Plants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules called_________.

chlorophyll

(klawr uh fil)

• plant's principal pigment
• 2 types found in plants:  _____ a & ________ b

• photosynthetic membranes located in chloroplasts

• photosynthesis takes place inside organelles called ___________.

• fluid portion of the chloroplast outside of the thylakoids

• nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
• accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons, along with a hydrogen ion (H+)

• the 1st set of reactions in photosythesis
• they require direct involvement of light and light-absorbing pigments

• no light is required
• ATP & NADPH molecules produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to produce high-energy sugars from carbon dioxide
• takes place outside the thylakoids, in the stroma

• clusters of chlorophyll and proteins contained in thylakoids
• surrounded by accessory pigments, essential to light-dependent reactions
• absorb sunlight and generate high-energy electrons that are then passed to a series of electron carriers embedded in the thylakoid membrane

• a series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions

• a protein that spans the membrane of the thyklaoid and allows H+to pass through it

• light-independent reactions
• plants use the energy that ATP & NADPH contian to build stable high-energy carbohydrate compounds that can be stored for a long time