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| the science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parents to offspring |
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| A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits. |
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| describes organisms or genotypes that are homozygous for a specific trait and thus always produce offspring that have the same phenotype for that trait. |
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| parentel generation, the first 2 individuals that mate in a genetic cross |
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| The first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms |
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| The second generation of offspring, obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation. |
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| one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
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| describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes. |
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| describes an individual that has 2 different alleles for a trait. |
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| law of independent assortment |
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| the law that states that genes separate independently of one another in meiosis |
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| Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete. |
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| a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
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| the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown groups. |
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| a diagram that shows the occurance of a genetic trait in several generations of a family. |
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| a trait that is determined by a gene found on one of the sex chromosomes, such as the X chromosome or the Y chromosome in humans. |
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| a characteristic of an organism that is determind by many genes. |
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| a condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of |
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| a condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed. |
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Definition
| more than two alleles (versions of a gene) for a genetic trait. |
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