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Chapter 8
Toward a National Economy
25
History
Graduate
08/20/2012

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Term
The consumer revolution of the early nineteenth century...
Definition
was accomplished by the emulation of aristocratic manners.
Term
The _______ was an early nineteenth century development that constituted the combined solution to the problems of locating sufficient capital, transporting raw materials to factories and products to consumers, and supervising large numbers of workers.
Definition
"market revolution"
Term
The first American factory was developed by...
Definition
Samuel Slater to spin cotton thread.
Term
The merchant who headed the Boston Associates, owner of the innovative Waltham mills, was...
Definition
Francis Cabot Lowell.
Term
As the gap between owners and workers increased in the 1840's, American workers...
Definition
failed to become a self-conscious working class.
Term
In "mapping the Past: The Making of the Working Class" your text uses maps to show how the economic growth of the early nineteenth century led to...
Definition
physical seperation of masters and workers.
Term
Most workers in the earliest textile factories were...
Definition
women and children.
Term
Under the Waltham System,
Definition
young farm women worked and lived under strictly supervised conditions.
Term
The American population more than doubled between 1790 and 1820 primarily because of the...
Definition
high birthrate.
Term
In the 1830's and 1840's, most of the thousands of poor and wretched immigrants who flooded into America came from...
Definition
Ireland and Germany.
Term
One consequence of American industrialization in the early nineteenth century was...
Definition
a decline in the need for foreign goods and thus in the business of merchants.
Term
By far the most important indirect effect of industialization occurred when the...
Definition
South began to produce cotton to supply the new textile mills of New England and Great Britain.
Term
As a result of the cotton gin,
Definition
cotton production soared and the Southern economy boomed.
Term
For a generation after 1815, the most expansive force in the American economy was...
Definition
cotton.
Term
The racial beliefs of most white Americans in the last decades of the eighteenth century were characterized by their...
Definition
greater respect for white property rights than for black American's right to personal liberty.
Term
A successful and bloody slave revolt led to the creation in 1804 of the black republic of...
Definition
Haiti.
Term
The Republic of Liberia in western Africa...
Definition
was founded by the American Colonization Society and was the eventual home to 12,000 American blacks.
Term
The cotton boom in the early nineteenth century caused a...
Definition
demand for more labor which was met by a renewed growth of slavery.
Term
By 1820, the interstate slave traade in the South was...
Definition
a legal, well-organized, cruel, and shameful business.
Term
One advantage which Northern blacks had over Southern blacks was their...
Definition
ability to organize movements to protest their treatment.
Term
The natural highway for western commerce and communication in the early nineteenth century was the ________ River.
Definition
Mississippi
Term
The first modern road in the United States was built in the 1790's to connect Philadelphia and...
Definition
Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Term
In the 1790's and early 1800's, private companies built roads called...
Definition
turnpikes.
Term
In the nineteenth century, Congress...
Definition
built only one major road, the Old National Road.
Term
The Erie Canal...
Definition
solidly established New York City's importance in commerce.
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