A number of strategies have potential for creating work environments that enable nurses to demonstrate more caring behaviors. Some of these include:

• 1.Increasing working hours
• 2.Increases in monetary gain
• 3.Flexibility, autonomy, and improved staffing
• 4.Increased input concerning nursing functions from physicians

• 3.Flexibility, autonomy, and improved staffing

A nurse demonstrates caring by helping family members:

• 1.Become active participants in care
• 2.Provide activities of daily living (ADLs)
• 3.Remove themselves from personal care
• 4.Make health care decisions for the client

• 1.Become active participants in care

A nurse hears a colleague tell a student nurse she never touches the clients unless she is performing a procedure or doing an assessment. The nurse tells the colleague that:

1.She does not touch the clients either

2.Touch is a type of verbal communication

3.There is never a problem with using touch

4.Touch forms a connection between nurse and client

4.Touch forms a connection between nurse and client

Clients' perceptions are important because health care:

• 1.Always acts in the best interest of the client
• 2.Is placing greater emphasis on client satisfaction
• 3.Is under investigation for misappropriation of funds
• 4.Is carefully watched and regulated by the federal government

• 2.Is placing greater emphasis on client satisfaction

Helping a new mother through the birthing experience demonstrates which of the five caring behaviors?

• 1.Knowing
• 2.Enabling
• 3.Doing for
• 4.Being with
• 5.Maintaining belief

• 2.Enabling

Listening is not only “taking in” what a client says; it also includes: 

• 1. Incorporating the views of the physician
• 2. Correcting any errors in the client's understanding
• 3. Injecting the nurse's personal views and statements
• 4. Interpreting and understanding what the client means

• 4. Interpreting and understanding what the client means

Leininger's offers a transcultural perspective to nursing; she stresses the importance of nurses' understanding cultural caring behaviors.

Even though human caring is a universal phenomenon, the expressions, processes, and patterns of caring vary among cultures

Mr. Kline is fearful of upcoming surgery and a possible cancer diagnosis. He discusses his love for the Bible with Jada, his nurse, and she recommends a favorite Bible verse. Another nurse tells Jada that there is no place in nursing for spiritual caring. Jada replies:

• 1. Spiritual care should be left to a professional
• 2. You are correct, religion is a personal decision
• 3. Nurses should not force their religious beliefs on clients
• 4. Spiritual, mind, and body connections can affect health

• 4. Spiritual, mind, and body connections can affect health

Of the five caring processes, which describes “knowing” the client?

• 1.Anticipating the client's cultural preferences
• 2.Determining the client's physician preference
• 3.Gathering task-oriented information during assessment
• 4.Establishing an enhanced understanding of the client's needs

• 4.Establishing an enhanced understanding of the client's needs

Presence involves a person-to-person encounter that:

• 1.Enables clients to care for self
• 2.Provides personal care to a client
• 3.Conveys a closeness and a sense of caring
• 4.Describes being in close contact with a client

• 3.Conveys a closeness and a sense of caring that involves “being there” and “being with” clients.