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Chapter 8 Section 1 Vocabulary
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12
Biology
9th Grade
01/13/2010

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Term
1. Chromosomes
Definition
shaped structures made of DNA and proteins
Term
2. Histones
Definition
help maintain the shape of the chromosome and aid in the tight packing of the DNA and are proteins.
Term
3. Chromatid
Definition
Each half of the chromosome
Term
4. Centromere
Definition
holds the two chromatids together until they separate during cell division.
Term
5. Chromatin
Definition
the less tightly coiled DNA-protein complex
Term
6. Sex chromosomes
Definition
chromosomes that determine the sex of the organism.
Term
7. Autosomes
Definition
every other chromosome in an organism.
Term
8. Homologous chromosomes
Definition
two copies of each autosome.
Term
9. Karyotype
Definition
is a photomicrograph of the chromosomes in a normal dividing cell found in a human.
Term
10. Diploid
Definition
cells having two sets of chromosomes.
Term
11. Haploid
Definition
sperm and egg cells.
Term
12. Binary fission
Definition
the division of a prokaryotic cell into two offspring cells
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