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Chapter 8 Key Terms
Erosion and Deposition
27
Science
7th Grade
01/20/2009

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Term
erosion
Definition
process by which natural forces
move weathered rock and soil from one place to another
Term
sediment
Definition
the material moved by erosion
Term
deposition
Definition
occurs where the agents of
erosion lay down sediment
Term
mass movement
Definition
processes that move sediment
downhill
Term
tributary
Definition
stream that flows into a
larger stream
Term
drainage basin
Definition
land area from which a river
and its tributaries collect
their water
Term
divide
Definition
high ground between two
drainage basins
Term
flood plain
Definition
flat, wide area of land along
a river
Term
meander
Definition
looplike bend in the course
of a river
Term
oxbow lake
Definition
a meander that has been cut
off from the river
Term
alluvial fan
Definition
wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream
leaves a mountain range
Term
delta
Definition
sediment deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake
Term
glacier
Definition
any large mass of ice that
moves slowly over land
Term
valley glacier
Definition
long, narrow glacier that forms
when snow and ice build up
high in a mountain valley
Term
continental glacier
Definition
a glacier that covers much
of a continent or large island
Term
ice age
Definition
times in the past when
continental glaciers covered
large parts of the Earth's surface
Term
plucking
Definition
as glaciers flow over land,
this process picks up rocks
Term
till
Definition
a mixture of sediments that a
glacier deposits directly on
the surface
Term
moraine
Definition
a ridge formed when till is
deposited at the edges of
a glacier
Term
kettle
Definition
forms when a depression left in
till by melting ice fills
with water
Term
beach
Definition
an area of wave-washed sediment
along a coast
Term
longshore drift
Definition
a process by which beach
sediment moves down the beach
with the current as repeated
waves
hit the beach
Term
spit
Definition
a beach that projects like
a finger out into the water
Term
deflation
Definition
process by which wind removes
surface materials
Term
sand dune
Definition
a deposit of wind-blown
sand
Term
loess
Definition
fine, wind-deposited
sediment
Term
natural hazards
Definition
events that result from
Earth's processes that can
cause damage and endanger
human life
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