Term
http://lukemil.es/s/a
Theme - Religions
Al-Mahdi |
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Definition
| Third of the Abbasid caliphs; attempted but failed to reconcile moderates among Shi'is to Abbasid dynasty; failed to resolve problem of succession. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/raz
Theme - Science and technology
al-Razi |
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Definition
| a Persian physician, alchemist and chemist, philosopher, and scholar |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/b
Theme - Nations and nationalism
Buyids |
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Definition
| Regional splinter dynasty of the mid-10th century; invaded and captured Baghdad; ruled Abbasid Empire under name of sultan; retained Abbasids as figureheads. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/c
Theme - Nations and nationalism
Chinggis Khan |
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Definition
| Born in 1170s in decades following death of Kabul Khan; elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions; died in 1227, prior to conquest of most of Islamic world. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/c
Theme - Revolts and revolutions
Crusades |
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Definition
| Series of military adventures initially launched by western Christians to free Holy Land from Muslims; temporarily succeeded in capturing Jerusalem and establishing Christian kingdoms; later used for other purposes such as commercial wars and extermination of heresy |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/e
Theme - Political structures and forms of governance
Eunuchs |
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Definition
| Castrated males used within the households of Chinese emperors, usually to guard the emperors' concubines; became political counterbalance to powerful marital relatives during Later Han |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/a
Theme - Political structures and forms of governance
Harun al-Rashid |
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Definition
| Most famous of Abbasid caliphs; renowned for sumptuous and costly living; dependent on Persian advisors early in reign; death led to civil wars over succession. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/ho
Theme - Regional, transregional, and global structures and organizations
Holy Land |
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Definition
| A region on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, in what is now Israel and Palestine. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/m
Theme - Nations and nationalism
Malacca |
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Definition
| Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located on the tip of the Malayan peninsula; traditionally a center for trade among the southeastern Asian islands. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/m
Theme - Revolts and revolutions
Mamluks |
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Definition
| Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 and halted Mongol advance. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/m
Theme - Revolts and revolutions
Mongols |
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Definition
| Central Asian nomadic peoples; smashed Turko-Persian kingdoms; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed last Abbasid caliph. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/sadi
Theme - The arts and architecture
Sa’di |
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Definition
| Persian poet. His best-known works are Gulistān (Flower Garden) and Būstān (Tree Garden), long moralistic poems in prose and verse |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/sadi
Theme - Political structures and forms of governance
Saladin |
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Definition
| Muslim leader in the last decades of the 12th century; reconquered most of the crusader outposts for Islam. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/s
Theme - Belief systems, philosophies, and ideologies
Sati |
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Definition
| Ritual in India of immolating surviving widows with the bodies of their deceased husbands |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/s
Theme - Nations and nationalism
Seljuk Turks |
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Definition
| Nomadic invaders from central Asia via Persia; staunch Sunnis; ruled in name of Abbasid caliphs from mid-11th century. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/s
Theme - Religions
Sufis |
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Definition
| Mystics within Islam; responsible for expansion of Islam to southeastern Asia |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/sultan
Theme - Religions
Sultan |
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Definition
| the sovereign of an Islamic country. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/u
Theme - Religions
Ulama |
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Definition
| Orthodox religious scholars within Islam; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology; increasingly opposed to non-Islamic ideas and scientific thinking. |
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Term
http://lukemil.es/s/raja
Theme - Religions
Raja |
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Definition
| a king or prince in India |
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