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Chapter 7
Key terms and concepts
17
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
03/11/2012

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Cards

Term
atmosphere (atm)
Definition
The pressure exerted by a column of mercury 760 mm high
Term
atmospheric pressure
Definition
The pressure exerted by the atmosphere
Term
Avogadro's law
Definition
A gas law that states that the volume of gas is directly related to the number of moles of gas when pressure and temperature do not change
Term
Boyle's law
Definition
A gas law stating that the pressure of a gas is inversely related to the volume when temperature (K) and amount (moles) of a gas do not change.
Term
Charles's law
Definition
A gas law stating that the volume of a gas changes directly with a change in Kelvin temperature when pressure and amount (moles) of the gas do not change
Term
combined gas law
Definition

A relationship that combines several gas laws relating pressure, volume, and temperature:

P1V1     P2V2

T1   =   T2

 

Term
Dalton's law
Definition
A gas law stating that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases in a container is the sum of the partial pressures that each gas would exert alone
Term
direct relationship
Definition
A relationship in which two properties increase or decrease together
Term
Gay-Lussac's law
Definition
A gas law stating that the pressure of a gas changes directlhy with a change in Kelvin temperature when the number of moles of a gas and its volume do not change.
Term
ideal gas constant, R
Definition
A numerical value that relates the quantities P, V, n, and T in the ideal gas law, PV = nRT
Term
inverse relationship
Definition
A relationship in which two properties change in opposite directions
Term
kinetic molecular theory of gases
Definition
A model used to explain the behavior of gases
Term
molar volume
Definition
A volume of 22.4 L occupied by 1 mole of a gas at STP conditions of 0 °C (273 K) temperature and 1 atm pressure used for the comparison of gases
Term
partial pressure
Definition
The pressure exerted by a single gas in a a gas mixture
Term
pressure
Definition
the force exerted by gas particles that hit the walls of a container
Term
STP
Definition
Standard conditions of exactly 0 °C (273 K) temperature and 1 atm pressure used for the comparison of gases
Term
vapor pressure
Definition
The pressure exerted by the particles of vapor above a liquid
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