Term
| 4 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells |
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Definition
Eukaryotic...
- chromosomes are found inside the nucleus
- cells are often much larger
- cells contain extensive amounts of internal membrane
- cells feature a particularly diverse and dynamic cytoskeleton
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Term
| Unique advantages of prokaryotic cell structure and size |
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Definition
- supercoiled DNA plus additional circular plasmid DNA
- Extensive internal membranes help certain bacteria carry out photosynthesis
- Cell wall provides structure and support
- small size allows ions and small molecules like ATP to diffuse quickly from one side of the cell to the other
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Term
| Unique advantages of eukaryotic cell structure and size |
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Definition
- larger cell size allows cells to eat other, small cells
- membrane-bound organelles allow ions and molecules to be compartmentalized so they don't have to travel far
- membrane-bound organelles allow processes to be separated within the cell, vesicles transport substances from one organelle to another
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Term
| Differences btw plant/animal cells |
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Definition
- both eukaryotic
- plant cells contain: cell wall and chloroplasts
- animal cells contain: centrioles
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Term
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Definition
| process by which old broken, cell components are recycled by lysosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| food particle is engulfed by a phagosome and deliverd to a lysosome and digested; particles released into cytosol |
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Term
| receptor-mediated endocytosis |
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Definition
- macromolecules bind to receptors
- early endosome forms
- processing
- digestive enzymes received from golgi
- mature lysosome
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Term
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Definition
| double membrane surrounding the nucleus, reinforced by nuclear lamina (net of protein fibers) |
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Term
| nuclear localization signals (NLS) |
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Definition
| labels on proteins and large molecules; the zip code |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth and rough ER, lysosomes, golgi |
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Term
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Definition
| the 50 proteins that from the pores |
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Term
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Definition
| produces and modifies protiens; such as adding a sugar tag using glycosylation |
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Term
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Definition
| identifies a cell as self or non-self |
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Term
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Definition
| modifies proteins by removing tag and adding a new one that tells where to send the protein |
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Term
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Definition
| made up of protein fibers that provide support, structure, and facilitate movement within the cell: actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules |
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