Term
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Definition
| In the context of the Networking layer and routing, the process by which a router consults a list of rules before forwarding and incoming packet.The rules determine whether a packet meeting certain criteria (such as source and destination address) should be permitted to reach the intended destination. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer 7 in OSI model provides interfaces that enable applications to request and receive network services. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer 2 in the OSI model is repsonisble for managing access to the network medium and delivery of data frames from sender to receiver or from sender to an intermediate device, such as a router. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of stripping the header from a PDU as it makes its way up the communication layers before being passed to the next higher layer. |
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Term
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Definition
| Representing 0s and 1s as a physical signal, such as electrical voltage or a light pulse. |
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Term
| International Organization for Standardization (ISO) |
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Definition
| The international standards-setting body based in Geneva, Switzerland, that sets worldwide technology standards. |
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Term
| Logical Link Control (LLC) Sublayer |
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Definition
| The upper sublayer of the IEEE Project 802 model for the OSI model's Data Link Layer. It handles error-free delivery and controls the flow of frames between sender and receiver across a network. |
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Term
| Maximum transmission unit (MTU) |
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Definition
| The maximum frame size allowed to be transmitted across a network medium. |
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Term
| Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer |
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Definition
| The lower sublayer of the IEEE Project 802 model for the OSI model's Data Link Layer. It handles accessing network media and mapping between logical and physical network addresses for NICs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer 3 of the OSI model handles logical addressing and routing of PDUs across internetworks. |
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Term
| Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model |
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Definition
| ISO standard 7498 defines a frame of reference for understanding networks by dividing the process of network communication into seven layers. Each layer is defined in terms of the services and data it handles on behalf of the layer above it and the services and data it needs from the layer below it. |
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Term
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Definition
| In the layered approach, each layer on one computer behaves as though it were communicating with it's counterpart on the other computer. This means each layer on the receiving computer sees network data in the same format its counterpart on the sending computer did. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer 1, the bottom layer of the OSI model, transmits and receives signals and specifies the physical details of cables, NICs, connectors and hardware behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| At layer 6 of the OSI model, data can be encrypted and/or compressed to facilitate delivery. Platform specific application formats are translated into generic data formats for transmission or from generic data formats into platform specific application formats for delivery to the application layer. |
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Term
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Definition
| A unit of information passed as a self-contained data structure from one layer to another on its way up or down the network protocol stack. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer 5 of the OSI model is responsible for setting up, maintaining and ending communication sequences (called sessions) across a network. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer 4 of the OSI model is responsible for reliable delivery of data streams across a network. Layer 4 protocols break large streams of data into smaller chunks and use sequence numbers and acknowledgements to provide communication and flow control. |
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Term
The original commercial version of Ethernet supported 10 Mbps bandwidth; the version introduced in the early 1990s supports 100 Mbps; and in 1998, Gigabit Ethernet was introduced. All versions use the same data frame formats, with the same maximum PDU sizes, so they can interoperate freely. Given this information and what you know of layered technologies, which of the following statements is true? (Choose all that apply.)
a. Ethernet works at the Data Link and Physical layers of the OSI model, and upgrades to newer, faster versions of Ethernet can be made by changing only the components that work at these layers.
b. Ethernet spans several layers and requires a new protocol stack to upgrade to new versions.
c. Changes in technology at one layer of the OSI model don’t usually affect the operation of other layers.
d. Ethernet isn’t considered a scalable technology. |
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Definition
| c. Changes in technology at one layer of the OSI model don’t usually affect the operation of other layers. |
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Term
The addition of information to a PDU as it’s passed from one layer to the next is called which of the following?
a. PDI transforming
b. Encapsulation
c. Deencapsulation
d. Converting |
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Definition
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Term
Layers acting as though they communicate directly with each other across the network are called which of the following?
a. Partners
b. Synchronous
c. Interchangeable
d. Peers |
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Definition
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Term
Place the following letters in the correct order to represent the OSI model from Layer 7 to Layer 1:
a. Presentation
b. Data Link
c. Session
d. Physical
e. Application
f. Transport
g. Network |
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Definition
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical |
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Term
| Which OSI layer creates and processes frames? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which OSI layer deals with Segments? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which OSI layer deals with Bits? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which OSI layer deals with Packets? |
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Definition
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Term
Which OSI layer handles flow control, data segmentation, and reliability?
a. Application
b. Physical
c. Transport
d. Data Link |
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Definition
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Term
| Which OSI layer governs how a NIC is attached to the network medium? |
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Definition
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Term
Which OSI layer determines the route a packet takes from sender to receiver?
a. 7
b. 1
c. 3
d. 4 |
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Definition
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Term
Which OSI layer is responsible for setting up, maintaining, and ending ongoing information exchanges across a network?
a. 6
b. 3
c. 2
d. 5 |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following elements might the Data Link layer add to its PDU? (Choose all that apply.)
a. Physical addresses
b. Logical addresses
c. Data
d. CRC |
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Definition
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Term
When and how many times is a CRC calculated?
a. Once, before transmission
b. Once, after receipt
c. Twice, once before transmission and again on receipt
d. At the source and destination and at each intermediary device |
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Definition
| d. At the source and destination and at each intermediary device |
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Term
Which layer of the OSI model does Project 802 divide into two sublayers?
a. Physical
b. Data Link
c. Network
d. Session |
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Definition
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Term
What are the names of the sublayers specified as part of Project 802? (Choose all that apply.)
a. Data Link Control (DLC)
b. Logical Link Control (LLC)
c. Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
d. Media Access Control (MAC) |
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Definition
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Term
Which term refers to stripping header information as a PDU is passed from one layer to a higher layer?
a. Deencapsulation
b. Encapsulation
c. PDU stripping
d. Packetization |
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Definition
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Term
Which IEEE 802 standard applies to Ethernet?
a. 802.2
b. 802.3
c. 802.4
d. 802.5
e. 802.11 |
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Definition
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Term
Which IEEE 802 standard applies to wireless LANs?
a. 802.2
b. 802.3
c. 802.4
d. 802.5
e. 802.11 |
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Definition
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Term
What is the name of the PDU at the Transport layer?
a. Bit
b. Packet
c. Segment
d. Data |
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Definition
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Term
At which OSI layer does the PDU contain sequence and acknowledgement numbers?
a. Application
b. Transport
c. Data Link
d. Presentation |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is an example of software found at the Application layer? (Choose all that apply.)
a. FTP
b. TCP
c. HTTP
d. ICMP |
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Definition
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Term
At which Data Link sublayer does the physical address reside?
a. Media Access Control (MAC)
b. Logical Link Control (LLC)
c. Data Access Control (DAC)
d. Network Access Control (NAC) |
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Definition
| a. Media Access Control (MAC) |
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Term
Which of the following problems can occur at the Physical layer?
a. NIC driver problems
b. Incorrect IP addresses
c. Signal errors caused by noise
d. Incorrect segment size |
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Definition
| c. Signal errors caused by noise |
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