Term
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Definition
| Process industries are comprised of manufacturers of chemical products, paper, food, mineral oil, rubber, steel, and so on. In these industries it became increasingly clear that the terminology, logistics objects, and fundamental methods of the MRP II concept could not always be applied without adaptation, but no standardised method so far. |
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Term
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Definition
| the processing unit, or production infrastructure, that is, the production equipment (machines, appliances, devices) and the capacities. |
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Term
| Processor-oriented concepts |
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Definition
aim towards mastering high volume line or continuous production and specialized, expensive production equipment (or processors) with a focus on maximising processor capacity utilisation.
(focus on max capacity not material) |
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Term
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Definition
control and planning in process industry.
not yet standardised.
they consider...
1.divergent product structures
2. concepts for continuous production
3. campaign planning (order sequence of batches) |
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Term
| suitability for process oriented concepts |
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Definition
| mass prod, make to stock, less variants, continous or high-vol line prod. |
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Term
| Characteristics of products in the Process Industry |
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Definition
1. divergent product structure
2. primary product and by-products. often flow-resourch character so no storage possible.
3. production starts at commodity level. |
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Term
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Definition
the product that the production process is designed to
manufacture. |
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Term
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Definition
A by-product is a material of value produced as a residual of
or incidental to the process producing the primary product
By-products do not go directly into other products, but they can be recovered, utilized, and recycled in subsequent production processes.
(waste is residual product without value) |
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Term
| Stocking level in the process industry |
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Definition
| end products stores (make-to-stock) represent a widespread and important production environment. The stocking level of chemical, pharmaceutical, or grocery products is, ultimately, the shelf capacity in retail shops |
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Term
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Definition
intermediate product that should not or cannot be stored during the process stage and therefore flows through the process continuously.
no buffers put pressure on production planning and capacity |
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Term
| order characteristics in process industry |
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Definition
the reason for order release is a forecast, as customers will
accept only minimal delivery periods, and the lead time is often extremely long. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lot traceability is required by the governing regulations, but also due to product liability and problems associated with recalling a product. Control of lots, batches, or charges or even positions in lots serves this purpose |
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Term
| technology vs process with technology |
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Definition
describes process-independent properties and
conditions, that is, all the knowledge contained in a given technology.
describes the technique that can be implemented during the actual production process |
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Term
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Definition
| describes the possible input, the effect of the process, and the resulting output independently of a given technology. |
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Term
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Definition
things that are identified, utilized, and produced in a
value-adding process. The term is used in a generalized way here, that is, to represent products, materials, capacities (including personnel), facilities, energy, and so on. |
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Term
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Definition
| a representation of the flow of materials through a process industry manufacturing system that shows equipment and inventories |
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Term
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Definition
| the (production) equipment that performs a basic manufacturing step, or operation, such as mixing or packaging. |
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Term
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Definition
| content of a processor-oriented production structure |
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Term
| processor-oriented order structure |
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Definition
| a processor-oriented production structure associated with a specific (production) order, that is, an order in which quantities and dates are specified |
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Term
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Definition
batch identification
1. Each batch is given a lot number or batch identification, or batch ID, at the time that it is produced. The batch ID is also recorded asa ìcompleted resource transactionî and entered as a receipt into stock.
2. The physical inventory of a particular resource consists of the batches described in step 1 minus any quantities already issued from these batches
3. The batch ID (determined originally in step 1) assigned to this stock also becomes the batch ID for the issue from stock. The issue from stock is also a completed resource transaction.
with rule same batch for issue: good if need to backtrack this is good.
without rule same batch: messy if backtracking |
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Term
| technically feasible batch size |
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Definition
calculated by the quantity of goods that should ideally be processed by this facility.
The batch thus produced is also used for accounting, stock keeping, and archiving information for the subsequent lot traceability. |
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Term
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Definition
an integer multiple of production batches of a certain item,
the batches being produced one after another |
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Term
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Definition
a sequence of campaigns during which all the important products are produced up to a certain capacity and in the quantity required by demand.
Campaign planning aims to create optimum campaign cycles. (opt time, low cost, reduce nr of setups, less cleaning.... |
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Term
| Processor-dominated scheduling (PDS) |
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Definition
a technique that schedules equipment or capacity (processor) before materials. This technique facilitates scheduling equipment in economic run lengths and the use of low-cost production sequences
common in process oriented structure production |
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Term
| Material-dominated scheduling (MDS) |
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Definition
a technique that schedules materials before processors (equipment or capacity). This technique facilitates the efficient use of materials
Material-dominated scheduling can be used to schedule each stage within a process train. Typically, the MRP II / ERP concept as well as the just-intime concept use material-dominated scheduling logic |
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Term
| when to use what planning concept |
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Definition
MRP II / ERP concepts or the just-in-time concept may be used if:
1.Materials are expensive related to cost of goods manufactured.
2. There is over-capacity.
3. Setup times and costs tend to be negligible.
4. There is job shop production rather than line or flow shop.
Processor-oriented concepts may be used if:
1. Capacity is expensive related to costs of goods manufactured.
2. There are capacity bottlenecks.
3. The one-off costs for each lot produced are relatively high. |
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Term
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Definition
| relationship of usable output from a process, process stage, or operation to the input quantity |
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Term
| pipeline planning (a way to conduct long-term planning in process industry ) |
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Definition
pipeline planning, or scheduling across different locations that operate independently of one another.
This type of planning environment is a frequent occurrence due to the cost of capacity and the regulation of the markets associated with the process industry. |
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