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| Our awareness of ourselves and our environment. |
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| Periodic physiological fluctuations. |
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| The biological clock; regular body rhythms (i.e. of temperature and wakefullness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle. |
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| Rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active. |
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| The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. |
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| Periodic, natural, reversible loss of consiousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. |
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| False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absense of an external visual stimulus. |
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| The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep. |
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| Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep. |
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| A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. |
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| A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. |
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| A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, they occur during Stage 4 sleep, within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered. |
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| A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it. |
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| According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content). |
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| According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content). Freud believed that a dream's this functions as a safety valve. |
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| The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation(created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep). |
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| A social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. |
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| A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is not longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors. |
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| A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others. |
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| A chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood. |
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| The diminishing effect with regular use of the same drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencingg the drug's effect. |
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| The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an additcive drug. |
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| A physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued. |
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| A psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions. |
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| Compulsive drug craving and use. |
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| Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. |
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| Drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement. |
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| Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety. |
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| Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions. |
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| Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes. |
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| A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels. |
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| A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition. |
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| Psychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. |
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| A powerful hallucinogenic drug; also know as acid. |
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| The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations. |
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| An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations. |
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| The presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact. |
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| The presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing. |
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