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Chapter 7
Sociology in our times chapter 7 flash cards.
20
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
10/02/2012

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Term
Forcible Rape
Definition
the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will
Term
to Hierarchy rule
Definition
When two offenses occur in a single incident (burglary, robbery) crime statistics only record to ‘highest’ offense- (Robbery)
Term
Victims of crimes
Definition
Young men of color (12-25), old people, poor people, and native american women
Term
recidivism rate (chance they'll be back in prison)
Definition
51.8%
Term
Deviance
Definition
Behavior, belief, or condition that violates significant social norms in the society or group.
Term
Crime
Definition
An act of deviance that violates criminal law
Term
Social Control
Definition
the systematic practices that social groups develop in order to encourage conformity to norms, rules, laws and to discourage deviance
Term
External mechanisms of social control
Definition
refer to societal pressures to conform to the rules.
Term
Social agents
Definition
(family, Criminal justice system, court system, prisons) that exercise social control
Term
Functionalism
Definition
crime results from the joint condition of rapid social change and lack of social integration
Term
anomie
Definition
state of weakened norms
Term
3 Deviance/functionalism functions
Definition
1. Clarifies rules
2. Unites a group
3. Promotes social change.
Term
Opportunity theory
Definition
circumstances that provide an opportunity for people to acquire through illegitimate activities what they cannot achieve through legitimate channels.
Term
Differential association
Definition
people have a greater tendency to deviate from societal norms when they frequently associate with individuals who are more favorable toward deviance than conformity.
Term
Social control/social bonding theory
Definition
probability of deviance increases as a person’s ties to society weaken.
Term
Labeling theory
Definition
Deviance is a socially constructed process in which social control agencies designate certain people as deviants
Term
3 types of deviance under labeling theory
Definition
Primary deviant - initial act (shoplifting, drugs)
Secondary deviance - accept the label of deviant- play the role
tertiary deviance- normalize the behavior by rejecting the definition of deviant act NORML
Term
social dynamite
Definition
marginalized persons who are considered dangerous to elites
Term
Social Junk
Definition
members of stigmatized groups who are costly to society- welfare recipients
Term
Conflict theory problems
Definition
poor punished more- tougher sentences.
poor most likely commit crimes against other poor people.
therefore, when poor are victimized, toughest sentences are handed-out
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