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Chapter 7
Vocabulary
30
Biology
10th Grade
12/12/2006

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Term
Compound light microscope
Definition
a series of lens used to magnify objects in steps
Term
cell theory
Definition
1. all organisms are composed of one or more cells
2. cell is the basic unit of all organization of organisms
3. all cells come from preexisting cells
Term
electron microscope
Definition
uses a beam of electrons instead of natural light to magnify structures up to 500,000 time their actual size
Term
prokaryotes
Definition
cells of most unicellular organisms such as bacteria do not have membrane bound structures.
Term
eukaryotes
Definition
most multicellular plants and animals have cells containing membrane bound structures
Term
organelles
Definition
membrance ound structures within eukaryotic cells.
Term
nucleus
Definition
the central membrane bound organelle that manages cellular functions.
Term
plasma membrane
Definition
boundry between the cell and its enviroment
Term
homeostasis
Definition
the process of maintaining the celss enviroment
Term
selective permeability
Definition
a process in which the plasma membrane of a cell allows some molecules into the cell while keeping others out.
Term
phaspholipids
Definition
lipids with a phosphate group attached to them
Term
fluid mosaic model
Definition
model of plasma membrane
Term
transport proteins
Definition
allows needed substances or waste materials to move through a plasma membrane.
Term
cell wall
Definition
fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides extra support and proteins
Term
chromatin
Definition
strands of genetic material
Term
nucleolus
Definition
makes ribosomes
Term
ribosomes
Definition
the sites where the cell assembles enzymes and other proteins
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
the clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
the site of cellular shemical reactions
Term
golgi appartus
Definition
where proteins are transfered after proteins are produced
Term
vacuoles
Definition
areas for temporary storage or materials.
Term
lysomomes
Definition
organelles that contain digestive enzymes
Term
chloroplasts
Definition
cell organelles that capture light energy and produce food to store for later times
Term
plastids
Definition
used for storage
Term
chlorophyell
Definition
traps light energy and gives leaves and stems their color.
Term
mitochondria
Definition
membrane bound organelles in plant and animal cells that transfer energy from the cell
Term
cytoskeleton
Definition
within the cytoplasm
Term
microfilaments
Definition
this solid protien fibers
Term
cilia
Definition
short numerous hairlike projections that move in waves
Term
flagella
Definition
longer, move in whiplike motions
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