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| this term refers to concentration on more than one activity at the same time; in essence, dividing your attention |
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the processing of relevant information and nonprocessing of irrelevent information
("cocktail party phenomenon") |
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| involves noticing whether a stimulus is identical or similar to one previously experienced |
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| the more advanced form of memory, involves remembering a stimulus that is not present |
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Definition
| the concept of short term memory as a place for mental work - that is, a workbench that allows individuals to manipulate and assemble information; serves as a processing center to transfer info to long term memory |
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| grouping items in some way to make larger collections |
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| repeating information one is trying to obtain |
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| long term storage that can be held on a more permanent basis |
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Definition
| a stimulus is presented to an infant and its responsiveness is monitored. If the stimulus is repeated, reaction declines (reduced attention) and habituation is said to have occured |
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Definition
| the renewed responsiveness to a new stimulus can be viewed as evidence for recognition memory |
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| a recollection prompted by a cue associated with the setting (context) in which the recalled memory originally occcured |
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Definition
| finding information located in long term storage; requires the ability to both search the memory and decide the appropriate information has been retrieved |
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Definition
| the rate of speed at which information is processed |
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Definition
| the basic measure of processing speed, it refers to the interval of time betweeen the onset of a stimulus and the initiation of a motor response |
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Definition
| when the individual is being tested and is asked to respond to only one stimulus |
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Definition
| tasks are more comples and incolce a greater information load because more than one signal requires discrimination in a more unpredictable setting |
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Definition
| reaction time increased linearly as information load increases |
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| the time required to complete a motor behavior |
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| movement time combined with the reaction time |
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AKA: speed-accuracy trade-off
which means that when performers attempt to do something more quickly, they typically do it less accurately |
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| is cognitive processing that results in the formulation of a though, cognitive expression, or motor program |
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Definition
| a memory representation of a class of actions responsible for producing a unique patter of motor activity if the program is executed |
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Term
schema theory
(generalized motor program) |
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Definition
offers an explanation of the way individuals learn and perform a seemingly endless variety of movements; suggests that the motor programs stored in memory are not specific records of the movements to be performed but rather a set of general rules to guide performance
INDIVIDUALS STORE PAST MOVEMENT EXPERIENCES IN MEMORY |
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Term
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Definition
| storage of movement elements and the relationship of these elements to each other |
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| the grouping of muscles with associated joints controlled by motor programs |
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| theory that proposes that qualitative changes in motor behavior emerge out of the naturally occuring dynamic properties of the motor system and coordinative structures |
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| organizes the systems or systems needed to execute the task |
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| transition from old movement patterns to new ones |
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Definition
| the emergence of coordinated movement is tied closely to the growth of the musculoskeletal system and development of the brain |
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| developmental cognitive neuroscience |
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Definition
| a rapidly growing field that examines the relationships between the developing brain and cognitive ability |
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Term
| Newell's (constraint) Model |
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Definition
| offers an excellent framework for the study of lifelong motor development; combines both the biological and ecological systems perspectives. This is applied by describing the constraints to behavior in reference to the individual, to the task to be performed, and to the environment in which it is to be executed |
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