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| the process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide |
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| the three-carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both the aerobic and anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follow glycolysis |
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| the reduced form of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide. |
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| describes a process that does not require oxygen |
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| physical exercise intended to increase the activity of the heart and lungs to promote the body's use of oxygen |
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| the anaerobic breakdown of glucose pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP |
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| nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, an organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH |
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| the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen |
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| the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product |
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| the anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol |
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| a unit of energy equal to 1,000 cal |
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| the fluid that is inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion |
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| acetyl coenzyme A, a compound that is synthesized by cells and that plays a major role in metabolism |
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| a series of biochemical reactions that convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water; it is the major pathway of oxidation in animal, bacterial, and plant cells, and it releases energy |
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| A colorless crystalline organic acid that is formed by oxidation of malic acid in the Krebs cycle and by transamination from aspartic acid. It is important as an intermediate in the metabolism of carbohydrates and a precursor in the synthesis of amino acids. Chemical formula: C4H4O5. |
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Definition
| a six-carbon compound formed in the Krebs cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| flavin adenine dinucleotide, a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions |
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