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Chapter 7 vocab
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17
Biology
9th Grade
02/17/2009

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Term
Cellular Resperation
Definition
complex process in which the cells make aenosine triphosphate by breaking down organic compounds.
Term

Glycolysis

Definition

A biochemical pathway in which one sic-carbon molecule of glucose is oxidized to produce two three-carbon molecules of pyruvic acid

Term
Pruvic Acid
Definition

a three-carbon compoun that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both areobic and anareobic pathways of cellular resperation that follows gylcolyisis.

Term
NADH
Definition
an electron carrier moleculereduced from NAD+
Term
anaerobic process
Definition
a process that does not require the presence of oxygen
Term
Aerobic Respiration
Definition
A process that requires the presence of oxygen
Term
NAD+
Definition

The oxidation if G3P is accompanied by the reduction of two molecules of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Term
fermentation
Definition
Biochemical pathway that with the combination of gylcolysis, regenerate  NAD+
Term
Lactic acid fermentation
Definition

A process which an enzyme converts pyruvic acid ade during glycolysis into another three-carbon compound

Term
Alcoholic Fermentation
Definition
A process that converts pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol
Term
Kilocalories
Definition
The amount of energy avalible within each glucose molecule with the amount of energy contained in the ATP that is produced by glycolysis, the energy is measured in kilocalories.
Term
mitochondrial matrix
Definition
the space in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
Term
acetyl CoA
Definition
when pyruvic acid enter the mitochondrial matrix, it reacts with coenzyme A to for this.
Term
Krebs Cycle
Definition
a biochemical pathway that breaks down acetyl CoA, producing  CO2, hydrogen atoms, and ATP.
Term
oxxaloacetic acid
Definition
a four-carbon compound that reacts with acetyl CoA to create a six-carbon compound
Term
citric acid
Definition
a six-carbon acid that is made when you combined oxaloacetic acid and acetyl CoA
Term
FAD
Definition
Flavin adenine dinucleotide, a molecule very similar to NAD+, it acceps electrons during redox reactions.
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