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| Ornate box that symbolized the presence of God. It contained relics symbolic of particular divine acts (the tablets of the Law, Aaron's rod that bloomed, and a pot of manna). |
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| Important Canaanite goddess, consort of Baal or El. |
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| Empire that arose in the eighth century B.C.E. Its capital was in Nineveh, near today's Mosul in Northern Iraq (approximately 250 miles north of Baghdad). |
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| Popular Canaanite god who ranked high in their pantheon. He was also the storm god. |
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| Empire that rises to regional dominance in the seventh/sixth centuries B.C.E. They replace the Assyrian Empire as a dominant power in the region. The capital of Babylon was near today's city of Baghdad, Iraq. |
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| The way the books of Chronicles tells the story of the Israelite monarchies. After a brief account of ancestry from Adam to the kings of Israel, the books of Chronicles shape their story of Israelite kings, stressing whether a monarch remained faithful to God. Even more than the Deuteronomistitc historians, the Chronicler emphasizes the pattern of Deuteronomy sets out for Israel's national life: the nation's and the king's faithfulness brings blessings from God, worship of the other gods brings disaster. When this pattern breaks down in the Dueteronomistic histories, Chronicles changes the account so that disaster comes on a kings only as a result of his unfaithfulness. |
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| Patron god of the Philistines and sometimes seen as father of Baal. |
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| (from another source) David was the second king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah, and according to the New Testament Gospels of Matthew and Luke, an ancestor of Jesus. |
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| (from another source) Deborah was a prophetess of the God of the Israelites, the fourth Judge of pre-monarchic Israel, counselor, warrior, and the wife of Lapidoth according to the Book of Judges chapters 4 and 5. The only female judge mentioned in the Bible, Deborah led a successful counterattack against the forces of Jabin king of Canaan and his military commander Sisera, the narrative is recounted in chapter 4. |
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| Eleventh-century Israelite priest and prophet at Shiloh who raised Samuel. |
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| Ninth-century Israelite prophet who performed many miracles and called the people to worship only God. He opposed the reign of Ahab and his dynasty because of their unfaithfulness to God. He was also the head of the "school of the prophets". |
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| Successor of Elijah. At Elijah's death he becomes the leader of the "school of the prophets" and continues Elijah's ministry of opposing Israelite monarchs who worship multiple gods. |
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| One of the "judges" of the Israelites in the time before the Israelites were united as a single nation under a king. |
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| (1) Name given to Jacob which becomes the designation for his descendants. (2) The name taken by the northern kingdom (whose capital was in Samaria) when the Israelites split into two nations following the reign of Solomon. |
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| First city the Israelites take in their conquest of Canaan. |
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| Successor of Moses who leads the Israelites in the conquest of Canaan. |
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| Josiah was a king of Judah (641–609 BC), according to the Hebrew Bible, who instituted major reforms. Josiah is credited by most historians with having established or compiled important Hebrew Scriptures during the Deuteronomic reform that occurred during his rule. |
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| (1) One of the twelve sons of Jacob who are the traditional ancestors of the twelve tribes of Israel. (2) The name of the southern kingdom whose capital was in Jerusalem, when the Israelites divided into two nations (the other was called Israel). (3) The region around Jerusalem, known as Judea in New Testament times. |
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| A book in the Deuteronomistic Histories. It is named for the "judges", that is, the twelve people who on different occasions lead the Israelites in revolts against their neighbors after they had been subdued, the book says, because of their unfaithfulness to God. |
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| A system designed to keep property within a clan. In this system, when a man dies without children, his brother is to marry the dead man's wife and have children in the name of the dead man so that there are heirs to inherit the family property. |
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| Mother-in-law of Ruth. The non-Israelite Ruth follows Naomi back to Israel after the death of Ruth's husband, who was Naomi's son. Ruth adopts the religion of the God of Israel. |
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| Empire that arises in the sixth century B.C.E. that displaces the Babylonian Empire. Its capital was in today's Iran. |
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| Woman of Jericho who agrees to help the Israelite spies if they will promise to spare her family when they take the city at the beginning of the Israelite conquest of Canaan. |
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| Moabite widow of an Israelite who returns to Israelite territory with her mother-in-law commintting herself to God of Israel. Through the sytem of levirate marriage, she marries Boaz. Her great-grandson is King David. |
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| One of the judges of Israel. He is known for his great strength. |
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| His status, as viewed by rabbinical literature, is that he was the last of the Hebrew Judges and the first of the major prophets who began to prophesy inside the Land of Israel. He was thus at the cusp between two eras. According to the text of the Books of Samuel, he also anointed the first two kings of the Kingdom of Israel: Saul and David. |
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| (1) First king of Israel who was eventually rejected by god for disobedience and taking the perogative of a priest by offereing a sacrifice. (2) Jewish name of the persecutor of the church who has an experience of the risen Christ on the road to Damascus and becomes the apostle Paul. |
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| King of Israel after David. He is known for being wise and for building the first temple to God. |
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