Term
| Republics (two different kinds) |
|
Definition
A. Confederate
1. States hold most power.
B. Federal
2. Central government holds most power. |
|
|
Term
| Controversies at the constitutional convention - 1787 in Philadelphia - Independence Hall. |
|
Definition
1. Inadequacy of "Articles of Confederation"
a. More power in the states made National Unity difficult.
b. Federal Government could not regulate commerce between the states.
c. Super majority (100%, 2/3) needed to pass bills in congress and to amend the articles.
d. Federal Government had no power to force states to pay Federal Taxes.
1. Could not pay off war debt.
e. Unicameral legislature had no checks and balances.
f. In congress, each state given 1 vote favours small states.
g. No executive branch to enforce the laws.
h. Currency problem. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Federal Government printed currency, called "continentals" but states were not obligated to accept it as legal tender.
2. States made their own money.
3. No Currency reciprocity between states. |
|
|
Term
| Need for stronger central government. |
|
Definition
Federal Government could not adequately resolve disputes between states.
b. Federal Government seemed incapable of resolving serious issues within the states. |
|
|
Term
| Shay's Rebellion of 1786 - Massachusetts |
|
Definition
Daniel Shays revolution war veteran was in heavy debt to state of Massachusetts for states taxes.
b. Massachusetts confiscates Shays farm and property.
c. "Shaysites" - Shays supporters took control of Northampton, Massachusetts Court.
d. For months, the Shaysites refused to back down.
e. Federal Government offered no support.
f. Finally, Massachusetts militia unit from the Boston broke up rebellion. |
|
|
Term
| How much power should retain with States? |
|
Definition
Differing Proposals.
1. "Virginia Plan" of James Madison.
a. Separation of Powers: Legislative, Executive, Judicial.
1. Influence by Montesqiou's "The Spirit of the Laws".
b. Bicameral legislature: A lower house of representatives based on state's population and an upper house elected by lower house.
2. "New Jersey Plan" Of William Paterson.
a. Proposal by smaller states objecting to Virginia plan.
b. Unicameral legislature with equal state representation but with increased congressional power to tax and regulate commerce.
Rejected by other delegates. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abolition was not an issue, but should slaves be counted to determine representation? Are they merely "property".
2. Slave issue is part of larger "Sectional Issue". |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. with representation chosen on basis of state's population.
a. House of representatives
b. Favours larger population states.
c. Serves 2 year terms.
d. Minimum age: 25. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2. Upper house - 2 from each state - chosen by the state legislature.
a. United States Senate
b. Favours small states.
c. Serve 6 year terms.
d. Minimum age: 30.
3. Only members of lower house voted by the people. |
|
|
Term
| Each slave counted as ..... |
|
Definition
| 3/5ths of a free person to help determine population. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Head of executive branch - to enforce laws.
1. Must be born on United States soil, live in United States for 14 years.
2. Minimum age: 35.
3. Terms - 4 years. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No bill of rights. Federal Government didn't discuss the importation of slaves for 20 years (Foreign Slave Trade). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. White
2. Male
3. Land Owner
4. Minimum age: 21 |
|
|
