Term
|
Definition
| generalization that all living things are composed of cells, and that cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| photograph of the view through a microscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of a cell with a specific function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin outer boundary of a cell that regulates the traffic of chemicals between the cell and its surroundings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in an atom, the central core that contains protons and neutrons (Concept 4.2); in a cell, the part that houses the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of a cell between the nucleus and the plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
strong wall outside a plant cell's plasma membrane that protects the cell and maintains its shape
Thick |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles
Single-celled, bacteria and archaea
Has DNA, RNA, and ribosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cell with a nucleus (surrounded by its own membrane) and other internal organelles
Mostly many cells, plants and animals
Has DNA, RNA, ribosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two-layer "sandwich" of molecules that surrounds a cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| net movement of the particles of a substance from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| point at which the number of diffusing molecules moving in one direction is equal to the number moving in the opposite direction |
|
|
Term
| selectively permeable membrane |
|
Definition
| membrane that allows some substances to pass more easily than others and blocks the passage of some substances altogether |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffusion across a membrane requiring only the random motion of molecules with no energy expended by the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pathway provided by transport proteins that helps certain molecules pass through a membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having a higher concentration of solute than another solution (extra salty water) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having a lower concentration of solute than another solution (watery salt water) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
having a solute concentration equal to that of another (the surrounding) solution
(saline solution) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement of molecules across a membrane requiring energy to be expended by the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products into, out of, and within a cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of exporting proteins from a cell by a vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane and spilling the proteins outside the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of taking material into a cell within vesicles that bud inward from the plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| double membrane that surrounds a cell nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ball-like mass of fibers and granules in a cell nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cluster of proteins and nucleic acids that constructs proteins in a cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
network of membranes within a cell's cytoplasm that produces a variety of molecules
Smooth-makes lipids
Rough-makes protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cellular organelle that modifies, stores, and routes cell products--transports protein & lipids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane-bound sac that buds from the endoplasmic reticulum or the Golgi apparatus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane-bound sac containing digestive enzymes that can break down proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the minimum energy required to start a reaction |
|
|
Term
| How do enzymes affect activation energy? |
|
Definition
| They speed up the reaction by lowering the amount of energy required. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cell walls
Chloroplasts
Central Vacuole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cell membranes
Lysosomes
Flagellum
Centriole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Contrast facilitated diffusion to active transport (describe picture) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cellular organelles where cellular respiration occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| straight, hollow tube of proteins that gives rigidity, shape, and organization to a cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| solid rod of protein, thinner than a microtubule, that enables a cell to move or change shape |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long, thin, whip-like structures, with a core of microtubules, that enable some cells to move |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move fluid over the cell's surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
made of fibers
holds cell together shape and structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
