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chapter 6 and 7
med term
104
Health Care
Not Applicable
07/27/2016

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

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Term
bone processes
Definition
projections of out growths of bones
Term
cancellous bone
Definition
spongy bone
Term
cervical vertebrae
Definition
vertebrae or bones of the neck
Term
compact bone
Definition
hard outer shell of the bone
Term
condyle
Definition
knuckleike projected at the end of a bone
Term
crest
Definition
distinct border or ridge as in iliac crest
Term
diaphysis
Definition
main shaft like portion of the bone
Term
epiphysis line
Definition
a layer of cartilage the seperates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of the bone
Term
false ribs
Definition
ribs pairs 8 through 10 not attached to the sternum
Term
fissure
Definition
a groove or a depression in a bone a sulcus
Term
flat bones
Definition
bones that are broad of thin such as the sternum
Term
floating ribs
Definition
rib pairs 11-12free from any attachment
Term
fontanelle or frontal
Definition
space between the bones of an infant cranium
Term
forman
Definition
hole
Term
fossa
Definition
hollow or concave depression in the bone
Term
haversian canals
Definition
small canales within compact bone
Term
hematopvelopment
Definition
the normal formation and deof blood cells in the bone marrowoiesis
Term
intercostal spaces
Definition
spaces between the ribs
Term
intervertebral disk
Definition
a flat, circular platelike structure or cartilage that serves as a cusion between the vertebrae
Term
long bones
Definition
BONES THAT ARE LONGER THAN THEY ARE WIDE
Term
lumbar vertebrae
Definition
the vertabrae of the lower back L1-L5
Term
medullary cavity
Definition
the centerportion of the shaft or of the long bones yellow marrow
Term
ossification
Definition
conversion of the cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to the bone
Term
osteoblest
Definition
Immuature bone cells that activley produce bone tissue
Term
osteoclast
Definition
large cells that absorb or digest old bone tissue
Term
periosterum
Definition
the thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of long bones
Term
red bone marrow
Definition
the soft semifluid substance located in small spaces of cancelous
Term
resorption
Definition
the process of removing or digestin old bone tissue
Term
articular cartilage
Definition
thin layer of cartilage that covers the end of long bones and the surface of joints
Term
bone depressions
Definition
concave, indented areas or openings
Term
Bone markings
Definition
specific features or indivdul bones
Term
patella
Definition
knee
Term
tibia
Definition
long strong leg bone
Term
fibula
Definition
the long more slender of the two leg bones
Term
femur
Definition
theigh bone
Term
phalanges
Definition
bones of the fingers
Term
metacarples
Definition
bones of the hand
Term
carpals
Definition
bones of the wrist
Term
ulna
Definition
second of the two lower arm bones
Term
radius
Definition
one of the two lower arm bones
Term
humerus
Definition
is the upper arm bone
Term
coccyx
Definition
tailbone
Term
sacrum
Definition
single triangular shaped bone
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
strong bone that have become fragile
Term
osteomalacia
Definition
deficiency of calcium bones have become soft
Term
osteomyelitis
Definition
infection of the bone and bone marrow
Term
ewings sarcoma
Definition
is a maligant tumor of the bones common to young adults
Term
talipes equinovarus
Definition
clubfoot
Term
abnormal curvature of the spine
Definition
three abnormal curvatures of the spine
Term
spinal stenosis
Definition
spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the vertebral canal
Term
paget's diseses
Definition
a nonmetabolic disease of the bone
Term
chapter 7
Definition
muscles and joints
Term
buccinator
Definition
muscle in fleshy part of cheek
Term
temporal
Definition
muscle located above the ear
Term
masseter
Definition
muscle located in the angle of the jaw
Term
sternoidmastoid
Definition
located from the sternum up to the neck
Term
trapezius
Definition
triangular shaped muscle located in the back of the sholder
Term
latissimus dorsi
Definition
muscle originates from the vertebrae of the lower back
Term
deltoid
Definition
muscle covers shoulder joint
Term
arthralgia
Definition
pain in the joints present in many joint diseases
Term
atrophy
Definition
wasting away
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
specialized type of muscle that forms the wall of the heart
Term
contract/contraction
Definition
a reduction in size/especially of the muscle fibers
Term
contracture
Definition
an abnormal bending of a joint into a fixed position
Term
fascia
Definition
thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrates and covers the entire muscle
Term
insertion
Definition
the point of attachment of a muscle to the bone it moves
Term
involuntary muscles
Definition
muscles that act without conscious control. they are controlled by autonomic nerves
Term
muscle fibers
Definition
name given to a individual muscle cell
Term
origin
Definition
the point of attachment to a mucle to a bone less movable
Term
pelvic girdle weakness
Definition
weakness of a muscle
Term
pseudohypertrophic
Definition
a form of muscle dystrophy
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
muscle that attach to the bones of the skeleton also known as striated
Term
smooth muscle
Definition
muscle found in the walls of organs
Term
striated muscle
Definition
muscles that have a striped appearance when appearance viewed under a microscope
Term
tendon
Definition
a strong fibrous band of tissue that extends from a muscle , attaching it to the bone.
Term
trunk
Definition
body torso
Term
visceral muscle
Definition
muscles of the internal organs
Term
voluntary muscle
Definition
muscles that operate under conscious control.
Term
muscular dystrophy
Definition
genetically transmitted disorders
Term
polymositis
Definition
a chronic progressive disease affecting the skeletal muscles
Term
rotator cuff tear
Definition
a tear in the muscle that forms a cuff
Term
strains
Definition
a strain is an injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of the tendon
Term
muscle biopsy
Definition
is the extraction of a specimen of the muscle tissue
Term
electromyography
Definition
is the process of recording the strength of the contraction of the muscle
Term
fibrous joint
Definition
bones that fit together and held bones together by fibrous connective tissue
Term
cartilage joint
Definition
bones that are connected by cartilage
Term
synovial joints
Definition
bones that have a space
Term
hinge joint
Definition
allows movement in one direction
Term
ball-and socket joints
Definition
allows movement in many different directions around a central point
Term
Fibrous Joint
Definition
A joint between 2 bones held together by fibrous connective tissue
Term
Cartilaginous Joint
Definition
A joint between 2 bones connected by cartilage
Term
Synovial Joint
Definition
A joint with a cavity that holds synovial fluid
Term
hinge joint
Definition
a joint that moves back and forth in one direction
Term
ball-and-socket joint
Definition
a joint that moves around in many directions
Term
flexion
Definition
a bending motion that decreases the angle between 2 bones
Term
extension
Definition
a straightening motion that increases the angle between 2 bones
Term
abduction
Definition
movement of a bone away from the midline of the body
Term
adduction
Definition
a movement of a bone toward the midline of the body
Term
rotation
Definition
turning of a bone on its own axis
Term
supination
Definition
turning the palm up or forward
Term
pronation
Definition
turning the palm down or backward
Term
dorsiflexion
Definition
bending the foot upwards or backwards, decreasing angle with leg and top of foot
Term
plantar flexion
Definition
bending the foot downward, increasing the angle with leg and top of foot
Term
circumduction
Definition
movement of an extremity in a circular motion
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