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CHAPTER 6
pathology
44
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
03/04/2014

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Term
hemophilia
Definition
genetic disorder; blood fails to clot due to lack of one clotting factor
Term
hyperlipidemia
Definition
excessive level of lipids in the blood stream; risk factor for atherosclerosis
Term
pancytopenia
Definition
having too few of all blood cells
Term
septicemia
Definition
having bacteria or their toxins in the bloodstream; also called blood poisoning
Term
anemia
Definition
group of conditions characterized by a reduction in number of RBCs or the amount of hemoglobin; results in less oxygen reaching tissues
Term
aplastic anemia
Definition
severe anemia; red bone marrow stops makes sufficient blood cells; may require bone marrow transplant
Term
erythrocytosis
Definition
condition of having too many RBCs
Term
erythropenia
Definition
condition of having too few RBCs
Term
hemolytic anemia
Definition
results from destruction of RBCs
Term
hemolytic reaction
Definition
destruction of RBCs when patient receives mismatched blood transfusion
Term
hypochromic anemia
Definition
results from insufficient amount of hemoglobin in RBCs; unable to transport sufficient oxygen
Term
iron-deficiency anemia
Definition
results from insufficient amount of iron to make hemoglobin for RBCs
Term

pernicious anemia

PA

Definition
insufficient absorption of viatmin b12; unable to make enough RBCs
Term
polycythemia vera
Definition
condition of having too many RBCs; blood is too thick and flows sluggishly
Term
sickle cell anemia
Definition
genetic disorder where RBCs take on abnormal sickle shape; become more fragile leading to hemolytic anemia
Term
thalassemia
Definition
genetic disorder where unable to produce functioning hemoglobin
Term
leukemia
Definition
cancer of white blood cell-forming portion of red bone marrow; results in large number of abnormal and immature WBCs circulating in blood stream
Term
leukocytosis
Definition
condition of having too many WBCs
Term
leukopenia
Definition
condition of having too few WBCs
Term
thrombocytosis
Definition
condition of having too many platelets
Term
thrombopenia
Definition
condition of having too few platelets
Term
adenoiditis
Definition
inflammation of the adenoids
Term
autoimmune disease
Definition
disease resulting from immune system attacking its own body is if a pathogen; examples include rheumatoid arthritis and sytemic lupus erythematosus
Term
elephantiasis
Definition
inflammation and obstruction of lymph vessels; results in enlarged tissues due to edema
Term

Hodgkin's disease

HD

Definition
cancer of the lymphatic cells found in concentration in lymph nodes
Term
lymphadenitis
Definition
inflammation of lymph nodes; commonly called swollen glands
Term
lymphadenopathy
Definition
general term for lymph node disease
Term
lymphangioma
Definition
tumor in a lymphatic vessel
Term
lymphoma
Definition
tumor in lymphatic tissue
Term

mononucleosis

mono

Definition
acute viral infection with large number of atypical lymphocytes
Term

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

NHL

Definition
cancer of the lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin's lymphoma
Term
thymoma
Definition
tumor of the thymus gland
Term
tonsillitis
Definition
inflammation of the tonsils
Term

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

AIDS

Definition
defect in cell-mediated immunity; result of final stages of HIV infection
Term

AIDS-related complex

ARC

Definition
early stage of AIDS; mild symptoms; weight loss, fatigue anorexia
Term

graft vs host disease

GVHD

Definition
complication of bone marrow transplant; immune cells from donor marrow attack recipient's body
Term

human immunodeficiency virus

HIV

Definition
virus that causes AIDS; known as retrovirus
Term
immunocompromised
Definition
immune system that does not function properly; also called immunodeficiency disorder
Term

Kaposi's sarcoma

KS

Definition
skin cancer seen in AIDS patients; brownish-purple skin lesions
Term
opportunistic infection
Definition
infection appearing in immunocompromised person
Term

pneumocystis pneumonia

PCP

Definition
common in AIDS patients; an opportunistic infection
Term
sarcoidosis
Definition
autoimmune disease; forms fibrous lesions in multiple organs of body
Term

severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome

SCIDS

Definition
genetic disorder, born without a functioning immune system
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