Term
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Definition
| Simplest collection of matter than can be alive. |
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Definition
| Correlated to cellular function |
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Term
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Definition
| visible light is passed through a specimen and then through glass lenses. Lenses refract the light so that the image is magnified. |
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Definition
| ratio of an objects image size to its real size |
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Definition
| the measure of the clarity of the image, or the minimum distance of tw distinguishable points. |
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Definition
| visible differences in parts of the sample. |
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Term
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Definition
-Only found in Bacteria and Archaea
-Plasma membrane
-cytosol
-chromosomes
-ribosomes
-No Nucleus
Nucleoid
-Cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
-Found in Protists, fungi, animals, and plants
-Plasma membrane
-cytosol
-chromosomes
-ribosomes
-Nucleus
Cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| a selective barrier that allows sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell. |
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Term
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Definition
-particles made of ribosomal RNA and protein
use info from DNA to make protiens |
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Term
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Definition
| contains most of the cells genes |
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Term
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Definition
| encloses the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm. |
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Term
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Definition
| maintains the shape of the nucleus, composed of protein |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of a single DNA molecule |
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Definition
| DNA and proteins of chromosomes together |
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Term
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Definition
| located within the nucleus and is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
1.Nuclear envelope
2.Endoplasmic reticulum
3.Golgi apparatus
4.lysosomes
5.Vacuoles
6.Plasma membrane |
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Term
| Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) |
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Definition
| Accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
lacks ribosomes
1.synthesizes lipids
2.metabolizes carbohydrates
3.detoxifies drugs and poisons
4.stores calcium ions. |
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Term
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Definition
-surface is studded with ribosomes
1.Glycoproteins
2.transport vesicles
3. is a membrane factory for the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae
1. Modifies products of the ER
2.Manufactures certain macromolecules
3.Sorts and packages material into transport vesicles. |
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Term
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Definition
| A membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules |
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Definition
| cells engulf other cells, forms a food vacuole |
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Definition
| the sites of cellular respiration, a metabolic process that uses oxygen to generate ATP |
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Definition
| found in plants and algae, are the sites of photosynthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
Thylakoids, membranous sacs, stacked to form a granum
Stroma, the internal fluid |
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Term
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Definition
A network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm
-Organizes the cells structures and activities anchoring many organelles |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
thickest of the three components of the cytoskeleton
Functions
-shappin cell
-Guiding movement of organelles
-Separating chromosomes during cell divison |
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Term
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Definition
| actin filaments, thinnest components |
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Term
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Definition
| fibers with diameters ina middle range |
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Term
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Definition
| microtubules grow out from here, near the bucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| anchors the cilium or flagellum |
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Term
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Definition
| a motor protein that drives the bending movements of a cilium or flagellum |
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Term
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Definition
| extend and contract through the reversible assembly and contraction of actin subunits into microfilaments |
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Term
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Definition
| A circular flow of cytoplasm within cells |
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Term
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Definition
an extracellular structure that distinguishes plant cells from animal cells
-Protects the plant cell, maintains its shape, and prevents excessive uptake of water. |
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Term
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Definition
| relatively thin and flexiable |
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Term
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Definition
| thin layer between primary walls of adjacent cells |
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Term
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Definition
| added between the plasma membrane and the primary cell wall. |
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Term
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Definition
extracellular matric, cover animal cells, made up of collagen, proteogycans
Functions:
1. Support
2.Adhesion
3.Movement
4.Regulation |
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Term
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Definition
1.Plasmodesmata
2.tight junctions
3.Desmosomes
4.Gap junctions |
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Term
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Definition
| channels that perforate plant cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
| membranes of neighboring cells are pressed togther preventing leakage of extraCELLULAR FLUID |
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Term
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Definition
| provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| fasten cells together into strong sheets. |
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