Term
| Axial Skeleton (80 Bones) |
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Definition
*bones of skull, thoraz, and vertebral column.
*Form longitudinal axis of body |
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Term
| Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones) |
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Definition
| *bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton |
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Term
| Functions of Skeletal System |
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Definition
*support & protection
*storage of minerals (calcium & phosphate) [calcium most abundant mineral in the body]
*blood cell production
*leverage (act as levers w/ skeletal muscles to move body) |
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Term
| Six bone catergories based on shape |
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Definition
*flat
*sutural bones (wormian)
*long bones
*irregular bones
*sesamoid bones
*short bones |
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Term
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Definition
*canal/meatus (large passageway)
*process (projection/bump)
*sinus (chamber w/in bone, usually filled w/ air)
*foramen (small rounded passageway)
*fissure (elongated cleft/gap) |
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Term
| Humerous surface features |
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Definition
*head
*tubercle
*sulcus
*tuberosity
*diaphysis
*trochlea
*condyle |
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Term
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Definition
*trochanter
*neck
*head
*diaphysis
*facet
*condyle |
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Term
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Definition
*crest
*fossa
*line
*spine
*ramus |
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Term
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Definition
*contains medullary cavity
*filled w/ marrow
*red marrow (blood cells)
*yellow marrow (adipose) |
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Term
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Definition
*smaller blood vessels
*lymphatic vessels
*sensory nerves |
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Term
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Definition
*mature bone cells that cannnot divide
*most numerous bone cell type
*maintain protein & mineral content
*occupy lacunae (pocket) |
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Term
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Definition
*produce new bony matrix
*become osteocytes once surrounded by boney matrix |
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Term
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Definition
*mesenchymal (stem) cells that produce cells that differentiate into osteoblast
*important in fracture repair |
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Term
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Definition
*remove and remodel bone matrix
*giant cells w/ 50+ nuclei
*release acids & enzymes to dissolve matrix & release minerals |
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Term
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Definition
1. fibrous outer layer
2. cellular inner layer
*isolate bones from surrounding tissue
*route for blood and nervous supply
*actively participate in bone growth and repair |
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Term
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Definition
*created by osteoblast in periosteum cellular layer
*stongly connect tendons, ligaments, and joint capsules to bone though periosteum |
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