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Chapter 6
Osseous
25
Biology
Undergraduate 1
06/14/2012

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Term
5 Primary Functions of Skeletal System
Definition
Support, Storage of Minerals, Blood Cell Production, Protection and Leverage/Force of Motion
Term
Skeletal System is Classified by?
Definition
Shape, Internal Tissue Organization, and Bone Markings
Term

Sutural Bones

 

Definition

Small, irregular bones that are found between the flat bones of the skull.

 

Term
Irregular Bones
Definition
Complex shapes and include the vertebrae and pelvic bones.
Term
Short Bones
Definition
Small and thick, include ankle and wrist bones.
Term
Flat Bones
Definition
Thin with parallel surface, found in skull, sternum, ribs, and scapulae.
Term
Long Bones
Definition
Long and thin, found in arms, legs, hands, feet, fingers, and toes.
Term
Sesamoid Bones
Definition
Small and Flat, develop inside tendons near joints of knees, hands, and feet.
Term
3 Types of Bone Markings
Definition
Depressions/Grooves, Elevations/Projections, and Tunnels.
Term
Depressions
Definition
Grooves along side the bone surface.
Term

Elevations

 

Definition
Projections where tendons and ligaments attach. Articulations with other bones.
Term
Tunnels
Definition
Where blood and nerves enter the bone.
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
Structure of the long bone. Shaft, heavy wall of compact bone or dense bone.  Central space is called the medullary/marrow cavity.
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
Structure of the long bone. Wide part at each end of the bone. Articulation with other bones and mostly spongy(cancellous)bone.  Covere with compact bone(cortex).
Term
Metaphysis
Definition
Structure of the long bone.  This is where the diaphysis and epiphysis meet.
Term
Structures of the Flat Bone
Definition
Parietal bone of the skull, sandwich of spongy bone, between two layers of compact bone and with in the cranium.
Term
Dense Matrix
Definition
deposits of calcium salts, osteocytes with in lacunae and organized around blood vessels.
Term
Canaliculi
Definition
form pathways for blood vessels and exchange nutrients and wastes.
Term
Periosteum
Definition
Covers the outer surface of the bones and consists of outer fibrous and inner cellular layers.
Term
Osteocyte
Definition
mature bone cell that maintains the bone matrix adn they do not divide.
Term
Osteoblast
Definition
Immature bone cell that secretes organic components of the matrix.
Term
Osteoprogenitor
Definition
Stem cells whose divisions produce osteoblasts and assist in repair and fracture.
Term
Osteoclast
Definition
Multinucleated cell that secretes acids and enzymes to dissolve bone matrix.
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Bone building/osteoblast and bone recycling/osteoclast must balance.
Term
Osteons
Definition
basic unit is the compact bone
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