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Chapter 6
micro chapter 6
28
Microbiology
Undergraduate 1
02/02/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
psychrophiles
Definition
cold loving microbes
Term
mesophiles
Definition
moderate temperature loving microbes
Term
thermophiles
Definition
heat loving microbes
Term
pH microbe growth
Definition
most bacteria grow best at a pH value between 6.5 and 7.5
Term
hypertonic solution
Definition
most microbes under go plasmolysis
Term
obligate halophiles
Definition
require high osmotic pressure
Term
facultative halophiles
Definition
tolerate high osmotic pressure
Term
chemoheterotrophs
Definition
use and organic molecule as their carbon source
Term
autotrophs
Definition
use carbon dioxide as their carbon source
Term
nitrogen
Definition
is needed for protein and nucleic acid synthesis
Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition
few bacteria can do this- taking nitrogen out of the air
Term
sulfur
Definition
required in amino acids, thiamine, and biotin. Most bacteria decompose proteins and some bacteria use sulfate or H2S
Term
phosphorus
Definition
required for DNA, RNA, ATP and membranes
Term
obligate aerobes
Definition
need O2
Term
facultative anaerobes
Definition
grow best in O2, but can tolerate no O2
Term
obligate anaerobes
Definition
harmed by O2
Term
aerotolerant anaerobes
Definition
can grow with O2, but are not harmed by it
Term
microaerophiles
Definition
cannot tolerate high concentrations of O2 so grow in the middle
Term
biofilms
Definition
microbes adhere to surfaces and accumulate when in contact with water. they are microbial communities encased in slime and they work cooperatively
Term
chemically defined media
Definition
a media in which the exact chemical composition is known
Term
complex media
Definition
a media in which the exact chemical composition varies slightly from batch to batch
Term
selective media
Definition
inhibits unwanted organisms with salts, dyes, or other chemicals, and thus allow growth of only the desired microbes
Term
differential media
Definition
used to distinguish different organisms
Term
bacterial reproduction
Definition
some reproduce through budding, aerial spore formation or fragmentation
Term
lag phase
Definition
little or no change in the number of cells, but metabolic activity is high
Term
log phase
Definition
bacteria multiply at the fastest rate possible under the conditions provided
Term
stationary phase
Definition
there is an equilibrium between cell division and death
Term
death phase
Definition
the number of deaths exceeds the number of new cells formed
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