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Chapter 6
Cardiovascular System
71
Medical
Undergraduate 1
11/13/2008

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Cards

Term
Pericardium
Definition
Sac surrounding the heart, part of the heart wall
Term
Epicardium
Definition
Outermost layer of the heart tissue
Term
Myocardium
Definition
Second layer of the heart wall
Term
Endocardium
Definition
Inner layer of the heart wall
Term
Right atrium
Definition
Upper part of the right chamber of the heart
Term
Right ventricle
Definition
Lower part of the right chamber of the heart
Term
Left atrium
Definition
Upper part of the left chamber of the heart
Term
Left ventricle
Definition
Lower part of the left chamber of the heart
Term
Septum
Definition
Partition between the two chambers of the heart
Term
Arteries
Definition
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Term
Veins
Definition
Vessels that carry blood toward the heart
Term
Endothelium
Definition
Lining of the arteries
Term
Lumen
Definition
Space within the arteries through which blood flows
Term
Artrioventricular valves
Definition
Two valves between the atria and ventricles
Term
Triscuspid valve
Definition
Atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart
Term
Aorta
Definition
Largest artery of the body; artery through which blood exits the heart
Term
Aortic valve
Definition
Valve between the aorta and the left ventricle
Term
Arteriole
Definition
A tiny artery connecting to a capillary
Term
Artery
Definition
a thick-walled blood vessel that, in systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart
Term
Artrioventricular (AV) node
Definition
Specialized part of the interatrial septum that sends a charge to the bundle of His
Term
Atrioventricular valve
Definition
One of two valves that control blood flow between the atria and ventricles
Term
Atrium
Definition
either of the two upper chambers of the heart
Term
Bicuspid valve
Definition
Atrioventrivular valve on the left side of the heart
Term
Blood
Definition
Essential fluid made up of plasma and other elements that circulates throughout the body; delivers nutrients to and removes waste from the body's cells
Term
Blood pressure
Definition
Measure of the force of blood surging against the walls of the arteries
Term
Blood vessel
Definition
Any of the tubular passageways in the cardiovascular system through which blood travels
Term
bundle of His
Definition
Atrioventricular bundle
Term
Capillary
Definition
A tiny blood vessel that forms the exchange point between the arterial and venous vessels
Term
Carbon Dioxide
Definition
CO2 - Waste material transported in the venous blood
Term
Cardiac cycle
Definition
Repeated contraction and relaxation of the heart as it circulates blood within itself and pumps it out to the rest of the body or the lungs
Term
Cardiovascular
Definition
Relating to or affecting the heart and blood vessels
Term
Carotid artery
Definition
Artery that transports oxygenated blood to the head and neck
Term
Conduction system
Definition
part of the heart containing specialized tissue that sends charges through heart fibers, causing the heart to contract and relax at regular intervals
Term
Coronary artery
Definition
Blood vessel that supplies oxygen-rich blood to the heart
Term
Depolarization
Definition
Contracting state of the myocardial tissue in the heart's conduction system
Term
Diastole
Definition
Relaxtion phase of a heartbeat
Term
Ductus arteriosus
Definition
Structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetus's nonfunctioning lungs
Term
Ductus venosus
Definition
Structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetal liver
Term
Femoral artery
Definition
An artery that supplies blood to the thigh
Term
Foramen ovale
Definition
Opening in the septum of the fetal heart taht closes at birth
Term
Heart
Definition
Muscular organ that receives blood from the veins and ssends it into the arteries
Term
Inferior vena cava
Definition
Large vein that draws blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium
Term
Polarization
Definition
Resting state of the myocardial tissue in the conduction system of the heart
Term
Popliteal artery
Definition
An artery that supplies blood to the cells of the area behind the knee
Term
Pulmonary artery
Definition
One of the two arteries that carry blood that is low in oxygen from the heart to the lungs
Term
Pulmonary valve
Definition
Valve that controls the blood flow between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries
Term
Pulmonary vein
Definition
One of four veins that bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Term
Pulse
Definition
Rhythmic expansion and contraction of a blood vessel, usually and artery
Term
Repolarization
Definition
Recharging state; transition from contraction to resting that occurs in the conduction system of the heart
Term
Saphenous vein
Definition
Any of a group of veins that transport deoxygenated blood from the legs
Term
Semilunar valve
Definition
One of the two valves that prevent the backflow of blood flowing out of the heart into the aorta and the pulmonary artery
Term
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Definition
Region of the right atrium containing specialized tissue that sends electrical impulses to the heart muscle, causing it to contract
Term
Sinus rhythm
Definition
Normal heart rhythm
Term
Superior vena cava
Definition
Large vein that transports blood collected from the upper part of the body to the heart
Term
Systole
Definition
Contraction phase of the heartbeat
Term
Valve
Definition
Any of various structures that slow or prevent fluid from flowing backward or forward
Term
Vein
Definition
Any of various blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood toward the heart, except the pulmonary vein
Term
Venule
Definition
A tiny vein connecting to a capillary
Term
angi(o)
Definition
blood vessel
Term
aort(o)
Definition
aorta
Term
arteri(o), arter(o)
Definition
artery
Term
athero
Definition
fatty matter
Term
atri(o)
Definition
atrium
Term
cardi(o)
Definition
heart
Term
hemangi(o)
Definition
blood vessel
Term
pericardi(o)
Definition
pericardium
Term
phleb(o)
Definition
vein
Term
sphygm(o)
Definition
pulse
Term
thromb(o)
Definition
blood clot
Term
vas(o)
Definition
blood vessel
Term
ven(o)
Definition
vein
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