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Chapter 6 Vocabulary
Chapter 6 Vocabulary
20
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/24/2011

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Term
Periodic Law
Definition
States that when the elements are arranged by increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their properties
Term
Group
Definition
In the Periodic Table, a vertical column that contains elements having the same number of electrons in the outermost shell of their atoms.
Term
Period
Definition
 any of the seven horizontal rows that contain elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
Term
Representative Element
Definition
Representative elements are Groups I & II on the left and Groups III - VIII on the right.
Term
Transition Element
Definition
The 38 elements in groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table
Term
Metal
Definition
A solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity.
Term
Alkali Metal
Definition

Any of the elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, occupying Group IA (1) of the periodic table. They are very reactive, electropositive, monovalent metals forming strongly alkaline hydroxides

 

Term
Alkaline Earth Metal
Definition
Highly reactive metals found in group 2
Term
Transition Metal
Definition
any element in the d-block  of the periodic table, which includes groups 3 to 12 on the periodic table.
Term
Inner Transition Element
Definition
two series of elements known as the lathanoids and actinoids 
Term
metaLanthanide Series
Definition

comprises the fifteen metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum   through lutetium

Term
Actinide Series
Definition
encompasses the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103, actinium through lawrencium
Term
Nonmetal
Definition
a term used in chemistry when classifying the chemical elements
Term
Halogen
Definition

a chemical series of nonmetal elements from Group 17 IUPAC style  (formerly: VII, VIIA) of the periodic table comprising fluorine, chlorine bromine iodine and astatine

Term
Noble Gases
Definition
the chemical elements in group 18 of the periodic table.
Term
Metalloid
Definition
 the elements found along the stair-step line that distinguishes metals from non-metals
Term
Ion
Definition
oneoftheelectricallychargedparticlesformedinagasbyelectricdischargeorthelike.
Term
Ionization Energy
Definition
The energy required to remove an atom from a gaseous atom
Term
Octet Rule
Definition
the statement that when atoms combine to form molecules they generally each lose, gain, or share valence electrons until they attain or share eight
Term
Electronegrativity
Definition
assumingnegativepotentialwhenincontactwithadissimilarsubstance.
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