An elevated, broad, rounded process of a bone--usually for attachemtn of muscles or tendons

(too-ber-OSS-ih-tee)

Large bony process located below the neck of the femur, for attachment of muscles 

(tro-KAN-ter)

A knucklelike projection at the end of a bone; usually fits into a fossa of another bone to form a joint

(CON-dial)

A distinct border or ridge; an upper elevated edge, as in the upper part of the hip bone (the iliac crest); generally a site for muscle attachment 

A sharp projection form the surface of a bone, similar to a crest

Bone depressions are concave (indented) areas, or openings, in a bone. The help to form joints or serve as points of attachemtn for muscle

A groove or depression in a bone; a fissure

(SULL-kus)

An opening or hollow space in a bone, as in the paranasal sinuses or the frontal sinus. 

(SIGH-nus)

A hollow or shallow concave depression in a bone

(FOSS-ah)

froms the foregead and the upper part of the bony cavities that contain the eyeballs 

The frontal sinuses are located in this bone, just above the area where the frontal bone joins the nasal 

just behind the frontal bones. They form most of the top and the upper sides of the cranium

(pah-REYE-eh-tall)

froms the back of the head and the base of the skull. contains the forman magnum, thorugh which the spinal cord passes

(ock-SIP-itle)

from the lower sides and part of the base of the skull. 

Contain the middle and inner ear structures. 

Contain the mastoid sinuses. 

contains the mastoid process

The sphenoid bone is a bat-shaped bone located at the base of the skull in front of the temporal bones. It extends completely across the middle of the cranial. 

(SFEE-noyd)

sphen/o=wedge

-oid=resembling

lies just behind the nasal bone, in front of the sphenoid bone. It also forms the front of the base of the skull. part of the ey orbits, and the nasal cavity. 

Contains the ethmoid sinuses. 

(ETH-moyd)

is the lower jaw bone 

The only movable bone of the skull 

(man-DIB-yoo-lar)

are the bones of the upper jaw. They are fused in the midline by a suture

also form the hard palate 

contains the maxillary sinuses 

give shape to the nose by forming the upper part of the bridge 

They also join the frontal bone, the ethmoid bone, and the maxillae 

(NAY-zl)

are located at the inncer corenr of each eye, forming the sidewall of the nasal cavity and the middle wall of the ey orbit. 

join the cheek bones on each side to form the fossa which houses the tear duct

(LACK-rim-al)

a think, flat bone that forms the lower portion of the nasel septum 

It joins with the sphenoid, palatine, ethmoid, and maxillary bones 

forms the sidewall of the back of the nasal cavity and joins in the midline to form the back part of the roof of hte mouth, or hard palate. 

(PAL-ah-tine)

the upper arm bone

Joines the scapula and the radius and ulna 

(HYOO-mer-us)

The bones of the wrist

Each wrist has eight carpal bones

(CAR-pals)

The bones of the hand

(met-ah-CAR-pals)

The bones of the fingers

each finger has three phalangeal bones

The thumb has only two 

the thigh bone

the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body 

(FEE-mur)

the kneecap

the largest sesamoid bone in the body

the largest and stronger of the two lower leg bones

shin bone

located on the great toe side o the lower leg

(TIB-ee-ah)

lateral to the tibia 

(FIB-yoo-lah)

Thin layer of cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones and the surfaces of the joints

(ar-TIK-u-lar CAR-tih-lij)

concave, indented areas or openings in bones

Spongy bone, not as dense as compact bone 

(CAN-sell-us)

Knucklelike projection at the end of a bone 

(CON-dial)

Main shaftlike portion of a bone

(dye-AFF-ih-sis)

A layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone; also known as the epiphyseal plate

(ep-ih-FOZZ-e-al)

the end of a bone

(eh-PIFF-ih-sis)

a groove or depression in a bone; a sulcus

(FISH-er)

bones that are broad and then with flat or curved surfaces, such as the sternum

Fontanelle

or

Fontanel

Space between the bones of an infant's cranium; "soft spot."

(fon-tah-NELL)

System of small canals within compact bone that contain blood vessels lymphatic vessels, and nerves

(ha-VER-shan)

The normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow

(hem-ah-toh-poy-EE-sis)

a flat, circular, platelike strcuture of cartilage that serves as a cushion betwen the vertebrae

(in-ter-VER-teh-bral)

The center portion of the shaft of a long bone containing the yellow marrow

(MED-u-lair-ee)

The conversion of cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to bone; the formation of bone

(oss-sih-fih-KAY-shun)

mature bone cells 

(OSS-tee-oh-sites)

The thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers teh surface of a long bone

(pair-ee-AH-stee-um)

irregular bones imbedded in tendons near a joint, as in the kneecap

(SES-a-moyd bones)

an opening or hollow space in a bone; a cavity wihtin a bone 

(SIGH-nuss)

an abnormal condition characterized by a narrowing or restriction of an opening or passageway in a body structure

(stin-OH-sis)

Immovable joints such as those of the cranium

(SOO-chers)

Needlelike bony spicules within cancellous bone that contribute to the spongy appearance. Their distribution along lines of stres adds to the strength of the bone

(trah-BEK-u-lay)

means porous bones; bones that were once strong become fragile due to loss of bone density

(oss-tee-oh-poh-ROW-sis)

a disease in which the bones become abnormally soft due to a deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. 

Results in fractures and noticieable deformities of the weight-bearing bones. 

In children called rickets 

(oss-tee-oh-mah-LAY-she-ah)

is a local or generalized infection of the bone and bone marrow, resulting from a bacterial infection that has spread to the bone tissue through the blood 

(oss-tee-oh-my-ell-EYE-tis)

is a malignant tumor of the bones common to young adults, particuarly adolescent boys

(YOO-wings sar-KOH-mah)

Osteogenic Sarcoma

(Osteosarcoma)

is the most common benign bone tumor. The femur and the tibia are most frequently invovled

(oss-tee-oh-kon-DROH-mah)

a nonmetabolic disease of the bone, characterized by excessive bone destruction and unorganized bone formation. The bone is weak and prone to frractures. 

The bone may take on a mosaic pattern

(PAJ-ets dih-ZEEZ)

is anarrowing of the vertebral canal, nerve root canals, or intervertebral foramini (openings) of the lumbar spinal canal. The narrowing causes pressure on the nerve roots prior to their exit from the foramini

(SPIGH-nal stin-OH-sis)

Kyphosis: hunchbac

Lordosis: swayback

Scoliosis: curvature to the left or to the right

Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry

(DEXA)

noninvasive procedue that measures bone density

(ab-sorp-she-AHM-eh-tree)