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| Tthe time period from 507 to 31b.c.e during which rome was largely governed by the aristocratic roman senate |
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| a council whose members were the heads of wealthy,landowning families. originally an advisory body to the early kings, in the era of the roman republic the senate effectivly governed to roman state and growing empire. |
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| patron/ client relationship |
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| in ancient rome, a fundamental social relationship in which a patron provided legal and economic protectoin and assitstance to clients and in return the clients supported the political careers and economic interest of their patron |
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| a term used to characterize roman government in the first three centuries c.e. based on the ambiguous title princeps adopted by augustus to conceal his military dictatorship |
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| honorific name of octavian, founder of the roman principate, the military dictatorship that replaced the failing rule of the roman senate |
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| in ancient italy, prosperous landowners second in wealthand status to the senatorial aristocracy. |
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| the process by wich the latin language and roman culture became dominant in the western provinces of the roman empire. |
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| a jew from galilee in northern isreal who sought to reform jewish beliefs and practices. |
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| a jew from the greek city of tarsus in antolia, he initially persecuted the followers of jesus but, after reciving a revilation on the road to syrian damascus, became a christian |
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| a conduit, either elevated or underground, using gravity to carry water from a source to locatoin |
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| historians term for the political, military, and economic termoil that beset the roman empire during much of the third centery ce. |
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| roman emperor. after reuniting the roman empire, he moved the capital to constanrtinopal and made christianity a favored religion |
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| a people and state in the wei vally of eastern china that conqured rival states and created the first chinese empire. |
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| founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the chinese empire |
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| a term used to designate(1) the etnic chinesepeople who originated in the yellow river valley andspread throughout regions of china sutiavle for agriculture and (2) the dynasty of emperors who ruled from 206 bce to 220 ce |
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| city of wei valley in eastern china. it became the capital of the qin and early han empires. |
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| in china, the class of prosperous familis, next in wealth below the rual aristocrats, from which the emperors drew their administrative personal |
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| a confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient china |
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