the center

a body

material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells and important during cell division

Chloro-

Chloroplast

green

the site of photosynthesis in plants and eukaryotic algae

Cili-

Cilium

hair

 a short, hair-like cellular appendage with a microtubule core

Cyto-

Cytosol

cell

a semifluid medium in a cell in which organelles are located

-ell

organelle

small

a small, formed body with a specialized function found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

endo-

endomembrane

inner

the system of membranes within a cell that includes the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and the plasma membrane.

eu-

eukaryotic cell

true

a cell that has a true nucleus

extra

extracellular matrix

outside

the substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded

flagell-

flagellum

whip

a long, whiplike cellular appendage that moves cells

glyco-

glycoprotein

sweet

a protein covalently bonded to a carbohydrate

lamin-

nuclear lamina

sheet/layer

a netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus

lyso-

lysosome

loosen

a membrane-bounded sac of hydrolytic enzymes that a cell uses to digest macromolecules

micro-

tubul-

microtubule

small

a little pipe

a hollow rod of tubulin protein in the cytoplasm of almost all eukaryotic cells

nucle-

-oid

nucleoid

nucleus

like

the region where the genetic material is concentrated in prokaryotic cells

phago-

-kytos

phagocytosis

to eat

vessel

a form of cell eating in which a cell engulfs a smaller organism or food particle

plasm-

-desma

plasmodesmata

molded

a band or bond

an open channel in a plant cell wall

pro-

-karyo

prokaryotic cell

before

nucleus

a cell that has no nucleus

pseudo-

-pod

pseudopodium

false

foot

a cellular extension of amoeboid cells used in moving and feeding

thylaco

thylakoid

sac or pouch

a series of flattened sacs within chloroplasts

tono-

-plast

tonoplast

stretched

molded

the membrane that encloses a large central vacuole in a mature plant cell

trans-

-port

transport vesicle

across

a harbor

a membranous compartment used to enclose and transport materials from one part of a cell to another

ultra-

ultracentrifuge

beyond

a machine tha tspins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities

vacu-

vacude

empty

sac that buds from the ER, Golgi, or plasma membrane

aqua-

-pori

aquaporin

water

a small opening

a transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane

co-

trans-

cotransport

together

across

the coupling of the downhill diffusion of one substance to the uphill transport of anothe ragainst its own concentration gradient

electro-

-genic

electrogenic pump

electricity

producing

an ion transport protein generating voltage across a membrane

endo- 

cyto-

endocytosis

inner

cell

the movement of materials into a cell; cell eating

exo-

exocytosis

outer

the movement of materials out of a cell

hyper-

-tonus

hypertonic

exceeding

tension

a solution with a higher concentration of solutes

hypo-

hypotonic

lower

a solution with a lower concentrations of solutes

iso-

isotonic

same

solutions with equal concentrations of solutes

phago-

phagocytosis

eat

cell-eating

pino-

pinocytosis

drink

cell-drinking

plasm-

-lyso

plasmolysis

molded

loosen

a phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment