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Definition
| social institutions, including families and schools, that help to shape individuals' basic political beliefs and values |
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| a specific preference on a particular issue |
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| a shift in electoral support to the candidate whom public-opinion polls report as the front-runner |
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| today this term refers to those who generally support the social and economic status quo and are suspicious of efforts to introduce new political formulae and economic arrangements. Conservatives believe that a large and powerful government poses a threat to citizens' freedom |
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| a system of rule that permits citizens to play a significant part in the governmental process, usually through the election of key public officials |
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| a widely shared American ideal that all people should have the freedom to use whatever talents and wealth they have to reach their fullest potential. |
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| a distinctive pattern of voting behavior reflecting the differences in views between women and men |
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| today this term refers to those who generally support social and political reform; governmental intervention in the economy and more economic equality; the expansion of federal social services; and greater concern for consumers and the environment |
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| freedom from governmental control |
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| the public forum in which beliefs and ideas are exchanged and compete |
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| a cohesive set of beliefs that forms a general philosophy about the role of government |
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| the induction of individuals into the political culture; learning the underlying beliefs and values on which the political system is based |
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| probability sampling (or simple random sample) |
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Definition
| a method used by pollsters to select a representative sample in which every individual in the population has an equal probability of being selected as a respondent |
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| citizens' attitudes about political issues, leaders, institutions, and events |
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| scientific instruments for measuring public opinion |
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| a polling technique in which the questions are designed to shape the respondent's opinion |
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Definition
| a polling method in which respondents are selected at random from a list of 10-digit telephone numbers, with every effort made to avoid bias in the construction of the sample |
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| a small group selected by researchers to represent the most important characteristics of an entire population |
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| sampling error (or margin of error) |
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Definition
| polling error that arises based on the small size of the sample |
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| polling error that arises when the sample is not representative of the population being studied, which creates errors in overrepresenting or underrepresenting some opinions |
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Term
| social desirability effect |
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Definition
| the effect that results when respondents in a survey report what they expect the interviewer wishes to hear rather than what they believe |
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Term
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Definition
| basic principles that shape a person's opinions about political issues and events |
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