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| describes the state of the atmosphere |
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| highly organized storms that can generate ocean waves |
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| can grow into a supercell |
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| can spawn a tornado or even several tornadoes |
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| pack a powerful and deadly punch. With wind speeds that can exceed 322 km/hr (200 mph), twisters can toss cars and flip mobile homes as if they were toys |
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| an awesome electrical discharge that often accompanies hurricanes and tornadoes |
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a huge snow storm
occurs when the temperatures drop |
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| a drought is a prolonged period of below-normal rainfall |
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| Over-abundant rainfall, even when it’s not part of the drenching from a monster storm |
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| collects in low-lying areas |
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| a period of above-average temperatures |
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| a full range of electromagnetic radiation from the sun |
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| natural reuse and retention of atmospheric heat |
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| the ground cools, heat is released to the atmosphere |
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| carried into the atmosphere |
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| have occurred many times in the geological history of our planet |
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| the weather over a long period of time |
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| air will move from a region with higher pressure to a region with lower pressure |
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| Energy transferred by electromagnetic radiation. The flow of energy from the sun to Earth is an example of radiation. |
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| Heat energy can also be transferred between atoms and molecules that are in direct contact |
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| In materials that are capable of flow, such as liquids and gases, heat energy can be transferred by the movement of matter |
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| lowest layer of the atmosphere |
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| second lowest layer of the atmosphere |
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| Any change in a solid, liquid, or gas to another physical state |
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| when a solid turns into a liquid |
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| When liquid water gains sufficient heat energy, its particles enter the gas state |
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| When liquid water gains sufficient heat energy, its particles enter the gas state |
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| When liquid water gains sufficient heat energy, its particles enter the gas state |
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| If conditions are right, the water in solid ice can change directly into water vapor |
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| If enough heat energy is removed from water vapor, it becomes a liquid |
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| If enough heat energy is removed from liquid water, it becomes ice |
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| Snow and frost form when water vapor changes directly to a solid state |
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| The physical movement of water in all its physical states, including a complex series of phase changes below, on, and above Earth’s surface |
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| clouds that form at ground level |
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| some of the water vapor molecules undergo condensation and collect as tiny droplets on leaves, grass, cars, and other surfaces |
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| some of the water vapor molecules undergo condensation and collect as tiny droplets on leaves, grass, cars, and other surfaces |
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