Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 5- MIS
Mis 309
124
Internet/New Media
Undergraduate 2
05/06/2011

Additional Internet/New Media Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
AJAX
Definition
a web development technique that allows portions of web pages to reload with fresh data instead of requiring the entire web page to reload
Term
blog
Definition
a personal web site open to the public in which the site creator expresses his feelings or opinions
Term
groupware
Definition
software products that support groups of people who collaborate on a common task or goal and that provide a way for groups to share resources
Term
internet telephony (voice-over internet protocol)
Definition
the use of the internet as the transmission medium for telephone calls
Term
mashup
Definition
a web site that takes content from a number of other web sites and mixes them together to create a new kind of content
Term
metasearch engine
Definition
a computer program that searches several engines at once and integrates the findings of the various search engines to answer queries posted by users
Term
podcast
Definition
a digital audio file that is distributed over the web using Really Simple Syndication for playback on portable media players or personal computers
Term
portal
Definition
a web-based personalized gateway to information and knowledge that provides information from disparate information systems and the internet, using advanced search and indexing techniques
Term
Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
Definition
allows anyone to syndicate (publish) her blog, or any other content, to anyone who has an interest in subscribing
Term
service-oriented architecture (SOA)
Definition
an IT architecture that makes it possible to construct business applications using web services, which can be reused across an organization in other applications
Term
social networking
Definition
web sites that allow users to upload their content to the web in the form of text (for example, blogs), voice (podcasts), images, and videos
Term
tag
Definition
a key word or term, chosen by users, that describes a piece of information (for example, a blog, a picture, an article, or a video clip)
Term
telecommuting
Definition
a work arrangement whereby employees work at home, at the customer's premises, in special workplaces, or while traveling, usually using a computer linked to their place of employment
Term
teleconferencing
Definition
the use of electronic communication that allows two or more people at different locations to have a simultaneous conference
Term
unified communications
Definition
hardware and software platform that simplifies and integrates all forms of communications- voice, email, instant messaging, location, and videoconferencing- across an organization
Term
virtual group
Definition
a work group whose members are in different locations and who meet electronically
Term
web 2.0
Definition
a loose collection of information technologies and application and the web sites that use them; the web sites enrich the user experience by encouraging user participation, social interaction, and collaboration
Term
web services
Definition
self-contained business/consumer modular applications delivered over the internet
Term
wiki
Definition
a web site on which anyone can post material and make changes quickly without using difficult commands
Term
workflow
Definition
the movement of information as it flows through the sequence of steps that make up an organization's work procedures
Term
auction
Definition
a competitive process in which either a seller solicits consecutive bids from buyers or a buyer solicits bids from sellers, and prices are determined dynamically by competitive bidding
Term
banners
Definition
electronic billboards, which typically contain a short text or graphical message to promote a product or a vendor
Term
bricks-and-mortar organizations
Definition
organizations in which the product, the process, and the delivery agent are all physical
Term
business-to-business electronic commerce
Definition
electronic commerce in which both the sellers and the buyers are business organizations
Term
business-to-consumer electronic commerce
Definition
electronic commerce in which the sellers are organizations and the buyers are individuals also known as e-tailing
Term
clicks-and-mortar organizations
Definition
organizations that do business in both the physical and digital dimensions
Term
consumer-to-consumer electronic commerce
Definition
electronic commerce in which both the buyer and the seller are individuals
Term
cybersquatting
Definition
registering domain names in the hope of selling them later at a higher price
Term
digital wallet
Definition
a software component in which a user stores secured personal and credit card information for one-click reuse
Term
disintermediation
Definition
elimination of intermediaries in electronic commerce
Term
e-business
Definition
a broader definition of electronic commerce, including buying and selling of goods and services, and also servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, conduction e-learning, and conducting electronic transactions within an organization
Term
e-government
Definition
the use of electronic commerce to deliver information and public services to citizens, business partners, and suppliers of government entities, and those working in the public sector
Term
e-procurement
Definition
purchasing by using electronic support
Term
electronic commerce
Definition
the process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services, or information via computer networks, including the internet
Term
electronic payment systems
Definition
computer-based systems that allow customers to pay for goods and services electronically, rather than writing a check or using cash
Term
forward auctions
Definition
an auction that sellers use as a selling channel to many potential buyers; the highest bidder wins the items
Term
mobile commerce
Definition
electronic commerce conducted in a wireless environment
Term
pop-up ad
Definition
an advertisement that is automatically launched by some trigger and appears in front of the active window
Term
pop-under ad
Definition
an advertisement that is automatically launched by some trigger and appears underneath the active window
Term
reverse auction
Definition
an auction in which one buyer, usually an organization, seeks to buy a product or a service, and suppliers submit bids; the lowest bidder wins
Term
smart cards
Definition
a card that contains a microprocessor that enables the card to store a considerable amount of info and to conduct processing
Term
spamming
Definition
indiscriminate distribution of email without the receiver's permission
Term
stored-value money card
Definition
a form of electronic cash on which a fixed amount of prepaid money is stored; the amount is reduced each time the card is used
Term
viral marketing
Definition
online word-of-mouth marketing
Term
virtual organizations
Definition
organizations in which the product, the process, and the delivery agent are all digital; also called pure-play organizations
Term
bluetooth
Definition
chip technology that enables short-range connection between wireless devices
Term
global positioning system (GPS)
Definition
a wireless system that uses satellites to enable users to determine their position anywhere on earth
Term
hotspot
Definition
a small geographical perimeter within which a wireless access point provides service to a number of users
Term
infrared
Definition
a type of wireless transmission that uses red light not commonly visible to human eyes
Term
location-based commerce
Definition
mobile commerce transaction targeted to individuals in specific locations at specific times
Term
microbrowser
Definition
internet browsers with a small file size that can work within the low memory constraints of wireless devices and the low bandwidths of wireless networks
Term
microwave transmission
Definition
a wireless system that uses microwaves for high-volume, long-distance, point-to-point communication
Term
mobile computing
Definition
a real time wireless connection between a mobile device and other computing environments such as the internet or an intranet
Term
near-field communications (NFC)
Definition
the smallest of the short range wireless networks that is designed to be embedded in mobile devices such as cell phones and credit cards
Term
pervasive computing
Definition
a computer environment in which virtually every object has processing power with wireless or wired connections to a global network
Term
radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology
Definition
a wireless technology that allows manufacturers to attach tags with antennas and computer chips on goods and then track their movement through radio signals
Term
short message service (SMS)
Definition
a service provided by digital cell phones that can send and receive short text messages (up to 160 characters)
Term
ultra-wideband (UWB)
Definition
a high bandwidth wireless technology with transmission speeds in excess of 100 mbps that can be used for such applications as streaming multimedia from a personal computer to a television
Term
wireless access point
Definition
an antenna connecting a mobile device to a wired local area network
Term
wireless sensor networks (WSN)
Definition
networks of interconnected, batter powered, wireless sensors placed in the physical environment
Term
ad-hoc (on demand) reports
Definition
nonroutine reports that often contain special information that is not included in routine reports
Term
batch processing
Definition
TPS that processes data in batches at fixed periodic intervals
Term
computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
Definition
an information system that integrates various automated factory systems
Term
drill down reports
Definition
reports that show a greater level of detail than is included in routine reports
Term
enterprise application integration (EAI) system
Definition
a system that integrates existing systems by providing layers of software that connect applications together
Term
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
Definition
information system that takes a business process view of the overall organization to integrate the planning, management, and use of all of an organization's resources, employing a common software platform and database
Term
exception reports
Definition
reports that include only information that exceed certain threshold standards
Term
function area information systems (FAISs)
Definition
a system that provides information to managers (usually mid-level) in the function areas, in order to support managerial tasks of planning, organizing, and controlling operations
Term
key indicator reports
Definition
reports that summarize the performance of critical activities
Term
transaction
Definition
any business event that generates dat worth capturing and storing in a database
Term
analytical CRM
Definition
CRM systems that analyze customer behavior and perceptions in order to provide actionable business intelligence
Term
cross selling
Definition
the practice of marketing additional related products to customers based on a pervious purchase
Term
customer-facing CRM applications
Definition
areas where customers directly interact with the organization, including customer service and support, sales force automation, marketing, and campaign management
Term
customer relationship management
Definition
a customer-focused and customer-driven organizational strategy that concentrates on satisfying customers by addressing their requirements for products and services, and then by providing high-quality, responsive service
Term
customer-touching CRM applications
Definition
applications and technologies with which customers interact and typically help themselves
Term
operational CRM
Definition
the component of CRM that supports the front office business process that directly interact with customers, e.g., sales, marketing, and service
Term
sales force automation
Definition
the component of an operational CRM system that automatically records all the aspects in a sales transaction process
Term
up selling
Definition
a sales strategy where the organization representative will provide to customer the opportunity to purchase higher-value related products or services as opposed to or along with the customer's initial product or service selection
Term
bullwhip effect
Definition
erratic shifts in orders up and down the supply chain
Term
electronic data interchange (EDI)
Definition
a communication standard that enables the electronic transfer of routine documents between business partners
Term
interorganizational information system (IOS)
Definition
an information system that supports information flow among two or more organizations
Term
just-in-time (JIT) inventory system
Definition
a system in which a supplier delivers the precise number of parts to be assembled into a finished product at precisely the right time
Term
pull model
Definition
a business model in which the production process begins with a customer order and companies make only what customers want, a process closely aligned with mass customization
Term
push model
Definition
a business model in which the production process begins with a forecast, which predicts the products that customers will want as well as the quantity of each product. the company then produces the amount of products in the forecast, typically by using mass production, and sells, or pushes, those products to consumers
Term
supply chain management
Definition
an activity in which the leadership of an organization provide extensive oversight for the partnerships and process that comprise the supply cain and leverage these relationships to provide an operational advantage
Term
vendor-managed inventory (VMI)
Definition
an inventory strategy where the supplier monitors a vendor's inventory for a product or group of products and replenishes products when needed
Term
artificial intelligence
Definition
a subfield of computer science concerned with studying the thought processes of humans and representing the effects of those processes via machines
Term
business intelligence
Definition
information systems that assist managers in decision making by allowing extensive user driven data analysis via a variety of modeling techniques, or by providing easy, intuitive access to structured information
Term
data mining
Definition
the process of searching for valuable business information in a large database, data warehouse, or data mart
Term
decision support systems (DSS)
Definition
business intelligence systems that combine models and data in an attempt to solve semistructured problems with extensive user involvement
Term
digital dashboard
Definition
a business intelligence system that provides rapid access to timely information and direct access to management reports
Term
geographic information system
Definition
a computer-based system for capturing, integrating, manipulating, and displaying data using digitized maps
Term
goal seeking analysis
Definition
study that attempts to find the value of the inputs necessary to achieve a desired level of output
Term
group decision support system (GDSS)
Definition
an interactive computer based system that supports the process of finding solutions by a group of decision makers
Term
multidimensional data analysis AND online analytical processing (OLAP)
Definition
the process of performing complex multidimensional analyses of data stored in a database or data warehouse, typically using graphical software tools
Term
natural language processing (NLP)
Definition
communicating with a computer in the user's native language
Term
neural network
Definition
a system of programs and data structures that approximates the operation of the human brain
Term
sensitivity analysis
Definition
the study of the impact that changes in one or more parts of a model have on other parts
Term
Turing test
Definition
a test for artificial intelligence in which a human interviewer, conversing with both an unseen human being and an unseen computer, cannot determine which is which; named for English mathematician Alan Turing
Term
virtual reality
Definition
interactive, computer-generated, three dimensional graphics delivered to the user though a head-mounted display
Term
what-if analysis
Definition
the study of the impact of a change in the assumptions (input data) on the proposed solution
Term
agile development
Definition
a software development methodology that delivers functionality in rapid iterations, measured in weeks, requiring frequent communication, development, testing, and delivery
Term
application service provider (ASP)
Definition
an agent or vendor who assembles the software needed by enterprises and packages them with outsourced development, operations, maintenance, and other services
Term
component-based development
Definition
a software development methodology that uses standard components to build applications
Term
computer-aided software engineering (CASE)
Definition
development approach that uses specialized tools to automate many of the tasks in the SDLC; upper CASE tools automate the early stages of the SDLC, and lower CASE tools automate the later stages
Term
direct conversion
Definition
implementation process in which the old system is cut off and the new system is turned on at a certain point in time
Term
feasibility study
Definition
investigation that gauges the probability of success of a proposed project and provides a rough assessment of the project's feasibility
Term
IT steering committee
Definition
a committee, comprised of a group of managers and staff representing various organizational units, set up to establish IT priorities and to ensure that the MIS function is meeting the needs of the enterprise
Term
joint application design (JAD)
Definition
a group-based tool for collecting user requirements and creating system designs
Term
object-oriented development
Definition
a systems development methodology that begins with aspects of the real world that must be modeled to perform a task
Term
outsourcing
Definition
use of outside contractors or external organizations to acquire IT service
Term
phased conversion
Definition
implementation process that introduces components of the new system in stages, until the entire new system is operational
Term
pilot conversion
Definition
implementation process that introduces the new system in one part of the organization on a trial basis; when new system is working properly, it is introduced in other parts of the organization
Term
prototyping
Definition
approach that defines an initial list of user requirements, builds a prototype system, and then improves the system in several iterations based on users' feedback
Term
rapid application development (RAD)
Definition
a development method that uses special tools and an iterative approach to rapidly produce a high-quality system
Term
request for proposal (RFP)
Definition
document that is sent to potential vendors inviting them to submit a proposal describing their software package and how it would meet the company's needs
Term
scope creep
Definition
adding functions to an information system after the project has begun
Term
service level agreements (SLAs)
Definition
formal agreements regarding the division of work between a company and its vendors
Term
systems analysis
Definition
the examination of the business problem that the organization plans to solve with an information system
Term
systems analysts
Definition
IS professionals who specialize in analyzing and designing information systems
Term
systems design
Definition
describes how the new system will provide a solution to the business problem
Term
systems development life cycle (SDLC)
Definition
traditional structured framework, used for large IT projects, that consists of sequential processes by which information systems are developed
Term
systems stakeholders
Definition
all people who are affected by change in information systems
Term
triple constraint of project management
Definition
three factors, time, cost, and scope, that constrain all IS projects
Supporting users have an ad free experience!