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Chapter 5 Chemistry
Chemistry
74
Cosmetology
Professional
02/13/2013

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Term
matter
Definition
anything that occupies space
Term
rusting of a nail
Definition
which of the following is NOT an example if a physical change ?
Term
physical
Definition
Melting ice changes water from a solid to a liquid. Boiling water changes water from a liquid to a gas. These are examples of what type of change ?
Term
atoms
Definition
Atoms make up elements. Elements make up matter. Therefore, all matter is comprised of:
Term
organic chemistry
Definition
All matter that is living or once was living contains carbon and deals with:
Term
elements
Definition
Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called:
Term
element
Definition
atoms that are the same form a(n):
Term
molecule
Definition
Two or more of the same atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a(n):
Term
compound
Definition
When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is water, which is called a(n):
Term
amino acids
Definition
Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen form the basis of:
Term
proteins
Definition
what is created when amino acids join together in chains ?
Term
keratin
Definition
what makes up the primary composition of hair ?
Term
hydrogen bonds
Definition
easily broken by heat or water
Term
side bonds
Definition
the bonds found in hair that help organize protien chains in order to build hair are called
Term
disulfide bonds
Definition
what is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the cosmetologist ?
Term
protein chains connect to other protein chains
Definition
which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
Term
water
Definition
substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/ or contain
Term
acidic
Definition
a solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions is :
Term
10
Definition
a ph of 5 is how many more times acidic than a ph of 6 ?
Term
a solution is acidic if it has more negative hydroxide ions
Definition
All of the followinig statements regarding PH are true EXCEPT:
Term
neutral
Definition
distilled water with a PH of 7 is considered :
Term
4.5 to 5.5
Definition
In what PH range is the skin and hair ?
Term
solute
Definition
when making instant hot chocolate, what would the powdered chocolate represent ?
Term
solution
Definition
a mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed would be a(n):
Term
solvent
Definition
A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a(n):
Term
ointments
Definition
mixture of organic substances and a medical agent are:
Term
emulsion
Definition
what is formed when two or more non mixable substances are united with the help of a binder ?
Term
soaps
Definition
mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat and then purified, fall under which of the following classifications ?
Term
suspension
Definition
the instructions on a product state to shake well before use, which indicates this product is probably a(n)
Term
powder
Definition
which of the following cosmetic classifications requires sifting until free of coarse gritty particles?
Term
oil-in-water emulsion
Definition
Which of the following classifications would identify emulsions that are generally used by cosmetologists ?
Term
immiscible
Definition
Which of the following terms means non-mixable ?
Term
shampooing
Definition
Cleaning the hair and scalp and removing all foreign matter without adversely affecting either the scalp of hair is called :
Term
deionized water
Definition
the primary ingredient of most shampoo is :
Term
prevents shampoo from lathering
Definition
which of the following statements about surfactants is NOT true :
Term
hard water
Definition
If water contains certain salts of calcium, magnesium and other metals is classified as :
Term
filtration
Definition
what is the name given to purifying water by passing it through a porous substance ?
Term
4.5 to 5.5
Definition
what is the PH of a clients natural hair that has been permed, colored, cut and styled properly within the past few months ?
Term
acid balanced shampoo
Definition
which of the following shampoo types is formulated to have the same PH as the hair and skin ?
Term
plain shampoo
Definition
NOT to be used for chemically treated or damaged hair ?
Term
clarifying shampoo
Definition
most likely used to remove product build up ...
Term
powder dry shampoo
Definition
Which shampoo would generally be recommended for an individual who is ill and bedridden ?
Term
medicated shampoo
Definition
designed to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders ?
Term
carbon
Definition
everything that is alive or once was alive contains
Term
atom
Definition
the smallest unit of an element
Term
nucleus
Definition
within the atom protons and neutrons are found in the
Term
electrons
Definition
the shell of an atom consisits of
Term
compound
Definition
the molecule formed when different elements are joined together chemically is called a
Term
amino acids
Definition
carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen are the elements foundn in
Term
protiens
Definition
amino acids join together in chains to become
Term
form of protien
Definition
hair is an example of
Term
peptide bond
Definition
the backbone of all protien molecules is the
Term
water
Definition
substances of an acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and or contain
Term
a soulution is acidic if it has more negative hydroxide ions
Definition
all of the following are true regarding PH EXCEPT
Term
6
Definition
how many general classifications in cosmetology?
Term
solution
Definition
mixture of two or more molecules evenly dispersed
Term
oily
Definition
which type of hair needs to be shampooed more often ?
Term
remove oil from the hair
Definition
surfactant
Term
lipophilic
Definition
oil loving part of surfactants
Term
prevents shampoo from lathering
Definition
OT true of surfectants
Term
all purpose
Definition
low alkaline content and low concentration of surface acting agents and generally does not correct any special condition
Term
plain
Definition
not be used for chemically treated or damaged hair
Term
acid rinse
Definition
close the cuticle
Term
moisturizing
Definition
hydrolyzed animal protiens
Term
instant
Definition
coat the hair shaft and restore moisture and oils
Term
break disulfide bonds
Definition
purpose of waving lotion
Term
restore disulfide bonds
Definition
purpose of neutralizer
Term
processed without heat
Definition
alkaline waves
Term
certified
Definition
another name for temporary colors
Term
aniline derivative
Definition
type of color most frequently used in permanemt hair color
Term
metallic dyes
Definition
incompatible whith chemical procedures
Term
false
Definition
permanent waves using thioglycolic acid have a higher PH value than those using glycerylmonothioglocolate
Term
false
Definition
it is safer to use a sodium hydroxide relaxer on hair that has already been relaxed with thioglocolate relaxer
Term
ammonia
Definition
hair colors using an oxidation system that starts out with colorless molecules are reffered to as
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