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Chapter 5
The Working Cell
14
Biology
Undergraduate 1
01/31/2012

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Term
energy
Definition
the capacity to perform work.
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
the energy of motion.
Term
potential energy
Definition
stored energy.
Term
entropy
Definition
a measure of disorder or randomness
Term
chemical energy
Definition
energy stored in organic compounds.
Term
calorie
Definition
the amount of energy that raises the temperature of one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
Term
metabolism
Definition
the total of all chemical reactions in an orginism
Term
activation energy
Definition
the energy to active reactants and trigger a chemical reaction
Term
diffusion
Definition
the tendency for molecules of any substance to spread out into the available space
Term
osmosis
Definition
the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Term
hypertonic solution
Definition
a higher concentration of particular solute in relation to another
Term
osmoregulation
Definition
the control of water balance within a cell or organism
Term
active transport
Definition
the energy needed to move molecules across a membrane
Term
exocytosis
Definition
the secretion of large molecules within vesicles
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