Hegemony: people agree/consent rule

&

Dominant: a leader dominate in rule

1. Leadership
2. Admin over extension
3. economy collapse
4. ideology doubts ( doubt in what leader says)
5. military doubt

• had hegemonic empire
• respected by the people
• conquered, but still let conquered people live normal lives but under his rule
• called "chief architect"

• had dominant empire, a dictator
• take over empire, he'd probably kill you as a conquered person unlike his dad cyrus
• he was greedy! took over everything and wanted more (especially land)

• had a hegemonic empire- ruled 35+ years
• killed someone to gain position as king of Persia Acheemenid Empire
• like the 1st to come up with a Persian script
• well liked
• "satraps"- regional administrators he hired to rule different provinces

The Minoans

• island of Crete
• great commerce
• from pictograph to...
• Linear A ( syllabic writing that was incomprehensible for us)
•  Linear B- new script that helped translate Greek and understand Linear A

The Mycenaens

• home of several kingdoms, but Mycenae was destroyed/abandoned 
• most powerful
• reformed Homer- Illiad and Odyssey

1. intentionally small with a locally organized gov.
2. simple central city with land around for agriculture
3. geography/topography limits
4. united culturally

• pros: smaller area was easier to defend

Democratic movement

( leader, what he created/did)

Solon:

• rose as a general/poet
• started to form a people's government

1. created: 

• assembly-all free men
• Council of 400-

2. cancelled all public/private debts

3. established someone going into slavery to pay off future debts

• was a tyrant
• but fostered growth in economics in Athens and road construction
• made athens shine

• was a tyrant
• but influenced by solon ideas

1. registered all people in athens ( geographical) "dene"
2. organized region into 10 electoral units
3. assembly met every 10 days- 6000 men
4. intorduced the council of 500

War with Persia

Phase 1

Anatolia( city state that fell to DariusI)

• anatolia asks for help from Athens to stop darius form taking them
• darius is mad- he wants his navy to punish athens
• Athens won Persia- because: 1.were close to home 2.knowledge of geography/climate, and 3.Athens/Sparta united to fight Persia
• 10000 greek "hoplite"(on foot) soldiers +1000 slaves

War with Persia 

Phase 2

• Xerxes-son of Darius 
• wanted revenge for his father
• used the navy in the Bay of Salamis
• greek city-states vs. Persia 
• Persian ships got stuck in the bottleneck of the bay - city states came from both sides and attacked

War with Persia

Phase 3

• land fight 
• greeks had the advantage because they were fighting on their land 
• greek/sparta won- never a problem again with persia

Golden age of Athens

• led by Pericles - built up what persians destoyed

1. (think of a mountain) base: commoners homes; middle: "Agora"-civic market centers; top:acropolis-well with temples
2. Historians: -Herodotus: " the persian wars" & -Thucydides: "Hist. of Pelo-ponnesian wars" ( athens and sparta enemies)
3. Philosophers- socrates to plato to aristotle

Dramalists

1. Sophocles: "oedipus of rex" (murder dad/marry mom)
2. Euripedes: "the trojan women"( critic athens imp.)
3. Aristophanes: "lysistrata" (women on strike b/c didnt want ponnesian war

• from victors of persian wars -athens established " the Delian League"
• Athens beginning to dominate
• members of league reached out to sparta (military) for help- sparta had own alliance ( peloponnesian league)
• beginning of peloponnesian war- struggle for power