Term
|
Definition
| basic material of earth's crust |
|
|
Term
| 4 criteria to determine whether a substance is a mineral |
|
Definition
1. is an inorganic solid?
2. does it occur naturally
3. does it have a crystalline structure
4. does it have a consistent chemical composition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-was once living
-having a carbon basis |
|
|
Term
how many types of minerals
only ____ are common |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-contains combination of silicon and oxygen
-quartz and feldspar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contains only silicon and oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Silicon + Oxygen + one or more of iron, potassium, sodium and calcium |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common silicate mineral |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| silicate minerals make up _____% of earth'scrust |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-6 major groups
-4% of earth's crust |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a solid whose atoms, ions, and molecules are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person who studies minerals |
|
|
Term
| 7 physical properties that distinguish minerals |
|
Definition
1.color
2.streak
3.luster
4.cleavage and fracture
5.hardness
6.crystal shape
7.density |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-easy to distinguish
-good, but not always reliable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-color of the mineral in a powdered form
-more reliable than color
-many times streak differs from color |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -the way the mineral reflects light |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1.metallic luster
2.glassy
3. waxy
4. pearly
5. brilliant
6. dull, earthy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| splits along certain planes of weakness to form smooth, flat surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breaks unevenly into pieces with irregular surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| splintery (like broken wood) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fractures into a curved surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-the measure of the mineral's ability to resist scratching
-harder mineral can always scratch a softer mineral
-not the measure of the mineral's ability to resist cleavage or fracture
-Moh's hardness scale |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 6 types of crystal shapes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minerals ability to glow under ultraviolet light |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| continues to glow after UV light is off |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cat's eye effect
pearly, silky appearance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
has iron in it
nonsilicate mineral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
