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Chapter 5
Study Guide Vocabulary
27
Biology
9th Grade
10/15/2011

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Term

Cell Cycle

 

 

 
   
Definition
the growth cycle of eukaryotic cells
Term
Histone
Definition
proteins that dna tightly coils around to form chromosomes.
Term
telomere
Definition
repeatin nucleotideat the ends of DNA molecules that do not form genes and help prevent the loss of genes
Term
telophase
Definition
the last phase of mitosis when a complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell
Term
benign
Definition
having no dangerous effects on health
Term
asexual reproduction
Definition
process by which offspring are produced from a single parent
Term
organ
Definition
a group of differenttypes of tissue that work together to perform a specific or related function
Term
mitosis
Definition
process by which a cell divides its nucleus and contents
Term
chromatin
Definition
loose combination of DNA and protiens that is present during interphase
Term
prophase
Definition
first phase of mitosis when chromatin condenses
Term
growth factor
Definition
broad group of protiens that stimulate cell division
Term
malignant
Definition
cancerous tumer in which cells break away and spread to other parts of the body
Term
organ system
Definition
two or more organs that works in a coordinated way to carry out similar functions
Term
cytokinesis
Definition
process by which the cell cytoplasm divides
Term
chromatid
Definition
1/2 of a duplicated chromosome
Term
apoptosis
Definition
programmed cell death
Term
metastasize
Definition
to spread by transferring a disease causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body
Term
binary fission
Definition
asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into two egual parts
Term
cell differentiation
Definition
processes by which unspecialized cells develop into their mature form and function
Term
chromosome
Definition
long continuous thread of DNA that consits of numeous genes and regulatory information
Term
centromere
Definition
region of condensed chromosome that looks pinched
Term
anaphase
Definition
3rd phase of mitosis during which chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell
Term
cancer
Definition
common name for a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division
Term
carcinogen
Definition
substance tha produce of promotes the developement of cancer
Term
tissue
Definition
group of cells that work together to perform a similar function
Term
stem cell
Definition
cell that can divide for long periods of time while remaining undifferentiated
Term
metaphase
Definition
second phase of mitosis when spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the cell equator
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