Term
| Innate Immunity (non-specific) |
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Definition
Early, rapid response designed to contain infection until more powerful forces come
Ex: skin, mucous membrane |
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Term
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Definition
Slower onset, specific response to individual pathogen. Memory, and responds rapid during second encounter
Ex: antigen |
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Term
| Specific Immunity characteristics |
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Definition
-recognition
-learning
-memory
-self discrimination |
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Term
| Lymphocyte involved in Specific Immunity? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Specific immunity, mature in thymus, cell mediated immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| CD4, MHC II, Ag and IL-1 necessary to activate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Major Histocompatibility Complex |
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Definition
| Functions to allow to recognize that an antigen is foreign, trans membrane glycoproteins |
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Term
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Definition
| expressed on all nucleated cells and platelets, display antigens, interact with T-cytotoxic cells |
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Term
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Definition
Antigen Presenting Cells (APC)
Expressed on dendritic cells, macrophages, b cells, interact with T helper cells |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st antibody to appear in response |
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Term
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Definition
| only antibody to cross placenta, second to appear-- class switching approx. 12 days |
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Term
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Definition
| Allergens, trigger mast cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Secretions: breast milk, saliva |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell membranes of B cells |
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Term
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Definition
| humoral immunity, mediated by antibodies and is principle defense against toxins, specific epitopes |
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Term
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Definition
1. antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity: kills cells with antibodies
2. tumor surveillance
3. antiviral cytotoxitiy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Secondary Immune Response |
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Definition
Switches to IgG. Produce faster rise in antibody production
factors: age, diet, burns, diabetes, malignancies, iatrogenic (preventable) |
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Term
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Definition
| Preventive technique of artificially inducing an immune response |
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Term
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Definition
hemolytic disease of fetus/newborn caused by maternal antibodies against fetal red cells
Mom -, dad + =normal, then disease |
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Term
| Type I: Immediate (anaphylactic) hypersensitivity |
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Definition
| IgE, mast cells, histamine released... allergic reactions |
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Term
| Type II: Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity |
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Definition
IgG/IgM, antigen binds on target cell causing phagocytosis
Erythroblastosis fetalis
ABO blood group |
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Term
| Type III: Immune-Complex-Mediated Hypersensitivity |
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Definition
auto immune, IgG Ag-Ab complexes to release enzymes
Rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
| Type IV: Cell-Mediated, Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity |
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Definition
T Cells release cytokines
TB, Type 1 diabetes, poison ivy, fungal infections |
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Term
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Definition
| result in recurrent or overwhelming infections w/virus normally neutralized |
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Term
| Bruton's agammaglobulinemia (b-cell) |
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Definition
| failure of pre-B cells to differentiate into B cells due to absence of B cells/plasma cells |
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Term
| Isolated IgA deficiency (b-cell) |
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Definition
-most common of primary immune deficiency
-low/absent immunoglobulin A
-patients predisposed to recurrent sinus and pulmonary infection |
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Term
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Definition
| results in chronic/recurrent infection with virus, yeasts/fungi, intracellular bacteria |
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Term
| DiGeorge Syndrome (t-cell) |
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Definition
failure of normal thymus development
facial abnormalities, parathyroid/cardiac defects |
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Term
| Chronic mucocutaneous candidaias (t-cell) |
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Definition
| lack a specific clone of T cells |
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Term
| Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)- T-cell |
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Definition
| disorder of t-cell and immunoglobulin production/function |
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Term
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Definition
| survival dependent upon ability to bind to MHC; if weak=apoptosis |
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Term
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Definition
| high affinity to MHC=apoptosis |
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Term
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Definition
can act as anopsin
"Y" shaped protein V: antigen binding site, l: Fc fragment-determines biologic function |
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Term
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Definition
| non-antibody protein, communicated b/t cells |
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Term
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Definition
| mediator of inflammation, activates t cells |
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Term
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Definition
| growth factor of t cells, promotes b cell growth and activates NK cells |
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Term
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Definition
| direct inhibition of viral replication, promotes destruction of virally infected cells |
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Term
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Definition
| rejection mechanisms require TH cells comes in contact wit MHC |
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Term
| Host-versus-graft disease |
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Definition
| donor has competent TH cells, they assault patients cells because donors cells recognize the host as foreign |
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Term
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Definition
HIV+: tested positive
AIDS Designation: + for HIV and symptomatic |
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Term
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Definition
RNA, gp120
HIV 1: chimps, international
HIV 2: monkey, AID w/ lower frequency |
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Term
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Definition
HIV virus to CD4 T cell receptor
reverse transcription to RNA and integration of viral DNA into host DNA |
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Term
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Definition
1. Acute phase: sore throat, fever, swollen glands
2. Chronic: last for years, gradual drop of t4 cells
3. Crisis: t4<200 |
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Term
| Systemic Lupus Erythematous |
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Definition
attacks healthy tissue, leads to chronic inflammation
-butterfly rash |
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Term
| Progressive Systemic Sclerosis |
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Definition
| autoimmune of connective tissue, chalk like fingers, increased activity of fibroblasts |
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Term
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Definition
| destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands, more common in females |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cause of hyperthyroidism, thyroid gland destruction |
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Term
| innate immunity components |
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Definition
| epithelial barriers, phagocyte leukocytes, NK cells, soluble mediators (opsonin: tags microorganism) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| induced by vaccination, artificially induces immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| imported from ready-made antibodies from outside the system; lasts weeks/months |
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Term
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Definition
| T cells release cytokines which leads to inflammation and macrophage activation |
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