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| people, groups, or social institutions that socialize new members, either formally or informally |
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| when you begin to enact the behaviors and traits of the status you expect to occupy |
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| anticipatory socialization |
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| the balancing force between the id and the superego |
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| socialization of boys and girls to accept two entirely different sets of social norms |
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| the role of the group as a whole, which a person takes on in the last stage of socialization according to Mead’s theory |
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| the inborn drive for self-gratification |
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groups of friends, usually homogeneous, who have an enormous socializing
influence |
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| socialization occurring during childhood that gives us basic behavioral patterns but allows for adaptation and change later on |
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| learning new sets of values, behaviors, and attitudes that are different from those you previously held |
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| : occurs throughout life, allowing us to abandon old, out-dated, or unnecessary behavior patterns and giving us new behavioral patterns necessary for new situations |
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| : the process by which we become aware of ourselves as part of a group, learn how to communicate with others in the group, and learn the behavior expected of us |
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| internalized norms and values and the shame or guilt we feel when we break them |
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| psychiatrist and founder of psychoanalysis; believed the self consisted of three elements (id, ego, and superego) and that children go through three stages (oral, anal, and Oedipal) to reach healthy adulthood |
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| built upon Jean Piaget’s work to develop a theory of stages of moral development |
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| sociologist whose stage theory of socialization centers on the concept of “taking the role of others” |
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| Swiss psychologist who presented a cognitive theory of development, arguing that children’s reasoning ability develops in four stages |
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