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includes aspects related to the self, such as self concept, self regulation and self esteem |
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part of the self known as I refers to the self-as-subject
William James (1890)
active agent or as the knower
part of the self that experieces self awareness
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this is the object of self or others observation
part of the self in self cocept
material self, spiritual self and social self |
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the babys adjustment of reactions depending on feedback provided by a caregiver. |
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self concept is distinct of sef esteem
the posiive and negative valences associated with one attributions |
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Charles Cooley (1902)
Looking-glass self |
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Definition
introduced a developemental perspective that discribes how interacions with others help construct the self-system
observing the reflected appraisal of others
consists of three steps
interaction we imagine how we must appear
we inerpret and imagine how the other person evaluates us
finally: experience emotional esponse |
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George Herbert Mead (1934) |
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expanded on looking glass self
include the role of language and society of self sytem
he states that the self idea becomes internalized through repeaed actions wihin the same social group. |
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Stern (1985)
Represenation of Iteractions (RIGs) |
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procedural represenation of schemat peverbal unconscious ad a kind of sensorimotor memory, generalizied from he repetiive naure of care-giverinfan interaction |
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campos, campos and barrett (1989) |
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suggested tha caregivers communicate consistent emotional signals about environment events, certain persusive emotioal dispositions are creaed. |
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reference to something, and baby looks and smiles pg 152
a privae experience that is sometimes shared |
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by viewing oneself in a mirror
observers display of self directed behavior on viewing a reflection. |
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used a mirror recogition techigue to study toddlers |
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Phases of Self- Deveopement |
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Definition
pg 153
0-6 preself
6 - 12 monhs inentional or agentic self or I
12 - 24 months objective self or me
24 - 60 months self monitoing self |
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developing of self esteem
self conrol/behavior regulations
self egulation |
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Definition
importan dimesion of he developing self-sysem |
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the childs abiliy to stop themselves from performing a proscibed act, pulling hand back from cookie jar afte being told no cookies yet.
Also ability to perform an act that may not feel much like doig, such as giving a kiss on the cheek |
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more advanced and flexible version of self cotrol |
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How does behavior regulation come into being? |
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cogniive and emotion advace that emerge in andem wih objective self awareness or self recognition
1. representational though and second emotional response to wrongdoing |
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to prepare the child to be a competent member of society |
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whe parens limit or deman behavior using echniques that require control |
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listening to he child, beig involved ad interesed i activities, accepting he child, making posiie aributions toward the child, being supporive |
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levels of responsiveess and sensitive care |
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sidelining parental needs to meet developmenal needs |
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showing little responsiveness to a childs concerns |
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parental demandingness or control |
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leads parents to impose discipline |
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curb behavior according to their maturity |
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parenting styles
4 style of parentingn- |
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Definition
authoritive - highly responsive/highly demanding
authoriorian- low responsiveness, bu highly demanding
permissive style - moderately to highly responsive/but low on demanding
neglecting-uninvolved - neglect resposibilities
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externalizing/internalizing problems |
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childen of neglectful parenting show aggressiveness and depression and have low self esteem |
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method of control
3 types of control methods |
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parents choose this when they exercise control
power assertion/ love withdrawl and induction |
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withdrawing attention or affection |
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feeling of comfort or disress, when a violation of a rule is carried out |
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the proces by which children adopt adult standards and rules as their own |
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mild aroual helps the child pay attention |
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minimum sufficiency principle |
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the asertion is more effecive for long term internalization of rules that harsh puishment
when children can accept rules that they understand |
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a youngsters eagerness to go along with rules |
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reinforcing bad behavior by not following through what was being said |
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