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| Has lipid bilayer with protein embedded. It is a contiuous boundary layer that selects what substance flow across it. |
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- basic framework of cell membrane
- two layers line up with all fatty acid inwards (hydrophobic tails inward, hydrophilic heads outward)
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| mixed composition of phospholipids, glycolipids, sterols and protein in cell membrane |
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| What is the lipid barrier? |
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Definition
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| Wh is the membrane a fluid? |
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Definition
| Because of the interactions and motions of its componente |
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- differs in their head and length
- drift sideways, spin around long axis, and flex tails for movement
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| Difference between unsaturated and saturated fatty acid |
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Definition
| unsaturated fatty acid has one or more double covalent bonds in carbon backbone. Saturated has none |
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| the plasma membrane of two species merged to form one continuous membrane |
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| most common molecules of animal cell membranes |
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| main sterol in animal tissue |
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| main sterol in plant tissue |
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| Cells interact with their surrounding through what component? |
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| 7 types of Proten Function |
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Definition
1. Integral Proteins
2. Peripheral Proteins
3. Transport Proteins
4. Receptor
5. Recognition
6. Adhesion
7. Communication |
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Definition
| interact with hydrophobic tail |
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Term
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Definition
- located at one of bilayer's surface
- Interact weakly with integra; proteins and polar regions of membrane lipids
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Definition
- embedded in a membrane
- may cause target cellt o change activities
- signal make cell synthesize a certain protein, block or speed reaction, or get ready to divide
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| helps cells stick to another or to protein |
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| Let signals and substances rapidly flow from cytoplasm of one into another. |
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| Do not require energy input |
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| Requires energy input. Pumps protein to side that is more concentrated |
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| What determines a substance's movement and direction |
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| Difference in the number per unit volume of molecules (or ions) of a substance between two adjoining regions |
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| With no otehr forces, molecules move from ___ concentration to ____ concentration? |
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| Wha keeps energy moving and bouncing off each other in high concentration? |
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Definition
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Definition
- net movement of likemolecules down a concentration gradient
- how substances move in, out and through cells
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Term
| Diffusion in multicelled organism |
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Definition
| moves substances between body regions and betweent he body and its environment |
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Term
| Speed of diffusion depends on |
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Definition
| steepness of concentration gradient, size, temperature, and electric or pressure gradient |
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| Diffusion Rate with details |
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Definition
- high with steep gradients move from high to low concentration
- Heat energy makes molecules move and collide faster
- smaller molecules diffuse faster
- electric gradient alter rate and direction
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| controls what goes in and our of cells. controls when and how much |
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- nonpolar- lets O2 and CO2 slip across
- impermeable to ions and large polar molecules- glucose
- these substances cross through diffusion
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Definition
| When vesicles form around outside particles and patch of plasma membrane sinks inward and seals back on itself |
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Definition
| opposite of endocytosis. releases the particles |
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Term
| Net direction of solute's movement depends on? |
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Definition
| How many of its molecule are randomly colliding with transporters. More toward less concentration |
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| helps concentration of calcium in a cell at least 1000 lower than outside |
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| mass movement due to force |
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Definition
| diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane, to a region with lower concentration |
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| Greater the soute the ____ the waterconcentration. |
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Definition
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Definition
| relative solute concentration of two fluid |
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| In the example a fish in river water, which is hypotonic and which is hypertonic? |
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Definition
Water is hypotonic
Fish is Hypertonic |
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| Fish and water example: what goes in and how and what comes out and how? |
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Definition
Water goes in through osmosis.
Salt leaves through diffusion. |
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Term
| Cell membrane consist mainly of |
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Definition
| lipid bilayer and proteins |
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| Most membrane function is carried out by |
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| __ and __ can diffuse across lipid bilayer |
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| docks for signals and substances at cell surface |
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