Term
|
Definition
| anything that has mass and takes up space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of matter and how matter changes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it to another substance-
ex. solid ice melting into water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into other substances.
ex.- when magnesium burns, it combines with oxygen in the air, forming a new substance called magnesium oxide or a material's ability to rust or tarnish |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
any change that alters the form or appearance of a substance
ex.- if you squash a marshmallow, it changes shape but is still a marshmallow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the new substances formed by a chemical reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a solid that forms from solution during a chemical reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the absorption of energy from bond which causes cooling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the total making and breaking of bonds results in a release of energy. ex. fire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to allow something to travel along or through it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adj.) not easily or quickly changed from one state to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| n.) the way in which parts of something are put together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| n.) a wrutten sign that stands for something else |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
electrons that have the highest energy level and are held most loosely.
the # of valence electrons in an atom of an element determines many properties of that element, including the ways in which the atom can bond with other atoms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a way to show the # of valence electrons in an element;
it includes the symbol for the element surrounded by dots, each dot stands for one valence electron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the arrangement of electrons between them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the chemical bond that is formed when two atoms share share electrons; covalent bonds usually form between atoms of non-metals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a neutral group of atom joined by covalent bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when two atoms share two pairs of electron, a double bond is formed; in a carbon dioxide molecule (CO2) carbon forms a double bond with each of two oxygen atoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atoms share three pairs of electrons; elements such as nitrogen and carbon can do this |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a compound that is composed of molecules; the molecules of a molecular compound contain atoms that are covalently bonded.( ompaaed to ionic compounds, molecular compounds generally have lower melting points and boiling points, and unlike ionic compounds do not conduct electric current when melted or dissoleved in water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally; if two atoms pull equally on the electrons, neither atom becomes charged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge. When an atom loses an electron , it gains a negative charge and becomes a negative ion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prefix-poly means many
ions that are made of more than one atom:
a group of atoms that reacts as a unit;
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the attraction between two oppositly charged ions; Ionic bonds form as a result of the attraction between positive and negative ions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the name for a compound that consists of positive and negative ions, such as sodium chloride |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a combination of symbols that shows the ratio of elements in a compound
ex. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the subscript tells you the ratio of elements in the compound; sfor MgCl, the ratio of magnesiom ions to chloride ions is 1 to 2.
(if no subscript is written , the number 1 is understood) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to allow something to travel along or through it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adj.) not easily or quickly changed from one state to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| n.) the way in which parts of something are put together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| n.) a wrutten sign that stands for something else |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
electrons that have the highest energy level and are held most loosely.
the # of valence electrons in an atom of an element determines many properties of that element, including the ways in which the atom can bond with other atoms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a way to show the # of valence electrons in an element;
it includes the symbol for the element surrounded by dots, each dot stands for one valence electron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the arrangement of electrons between them |
|
|
