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Chapter 4 vocab
vocab
27
Environmental Studies
12th Grade
11/13/2012

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Term
ecology
Definition
The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments.
Term
Species
Definition
a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Term
Population
Definition
Members of a species that live in the same area at the same time.
Term
Community
Definition
All of the populations in a particular area.
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
Includes all of the living things and their physical environments within a particular area.
Term
Biosphere
Definition
Includes all parts of Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments.
Term
Biotic Factors
Definition
Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living.
Term
Abiotic Factors
Definition
Parts of an ecosystem that have never been living
Term
Habitat
Definition
The specific environment in which an organism lives.
Term
Resource
Definition
Is anything an organism needs, including nutrition, shelter, breeding sites and mates.
Term
Population Size
Definition
Describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time.
Term
Population Density
Definition
Describes the number of individuals within a population per unit area.
Term
Population Distribution
Definition
Describes how organisms are arranged within an area.
Term
Age Structure
Definition
Describes the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population.
Term
Age Structure Diagrams
Definition
Visual tools scientists use to show the age structure of populations.
Term
Sex Ratio
Definition
Proportion of males to females in a population.
Term
Survivorship Curves
Definition
Shows how the likelihood of death varies with age.
Term
Immigration
Definition
The arrival of individuals from outside a given area.
Term
Emigration
Definition
The departure of individuals from a given area.
Term
Migration
Definition
A seasonal movement into and out of an area.
Term
Exponential Growth
Definition
When a population increases by a fixed percentage each year.
Term
Limiting Factors
Definition
Characteristics of the environment that limit population growth.
Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
the largest population size a given environment can sustainably support.
Term
Logistic Growth
Definition
Describes how a population's initial exponential increase is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors.
Term
Density-dependent Factor
Definition
A factor that changes with the density of a population.
Term
Density-independent Factors
Definition
Limiting factors whose influence is not affected by population density.
Term
Biotic Potential
Definition
Maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal conditions.
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