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Chapter 4 Vocab.
Vocab from sections 1, 2, and 3 of Chapter 4.
24
Economics
12th Grade
02/19/2014

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Term
supply
Definition
quantity of goods services that producers are willing and able to offer at various possible prices during a given time period
Term
quantity supplied
Definition
amount of a good or service that a producer is willing to sell at each particular price
Term
law of supply
Definition
states that producers supply more goods and services when they can sell them at higher prices and fewer goods and services when they must sell them at a lower
Term
profit motive
Definition
desire to make money
Term
profit
Definition
amount of money remaining after producers have paid all of their costs
Term
costs of production
Definition
costs that include wages and salaries, rent, interest on loans, bills for electricity, raw materials, and any other goods and services used to manufacture a product
Term
supply schedule
Definition
lists each quantity of a product that producers are willing to supply at various market prices
Term
supply curve
Definition
plots information on a graph from a supply schedule
Term
elasticity of supply
Definition
degree to which price changes affect the quantity supplied
Term
elastic supply
Definition
exists when a small change in price causes a major change in the quantity supplied
Term
inelastic supply
Definition
exists when a change in a good's price has little impact on the quantity supplied
Term
determinants of supply
Definition
nonprice factors that influences the available supply of a good or service
Term
tax
Definition
required payment of money to the government to help fund government services
Term
subsidies
Definition
payments to private businesses by the government
Term
regulations
Definition
rules that a government establishes and enforces to protect the public or provide equal access to specific goods and services
Term
total product
Definition
all of the product a company makes in a given period of time with a given amount of input
Term
marginal product
Definition
the change in output generated by adding one more unit of input
Term
law of diminishing returns
Definition
describes effect that varying the level of an input has on total and marginal product
Term
fixed cost
Definition
production costs that do not change as the level of output changes
Term
depreciation
Definition
lessening in value of capital goods
Term
variable costs
Definition
change as level of output changes
Term
total costs
Definition
sum of fixed and variable production costs
Term
marginal costs
Definition
additional costs of producing one more unit of output
Term
overhead
Definition
sum of a businesses's fixed costs except for wages and material costs
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