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Chapter 49
Circulation and Respiration
23
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/26/2008

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Term
Hemolymph
Definition
The circulatory fluid of various invertebrate animals that is functionally comparable to the blood & lymph
Term
Interstitial Fluid
Definition
Fatty fluid between cells in the epidermis that is the basis for the barrier function of the skin
Term
Fibrin
Definition
Protein formed during normal blood clotting that is the essence of the clot
Term
Fibrinogen
Definition
Protein in the blood plasm essential for the coagulation of blood
Term
Thrombin
Definition
Enzyme in the blood plasm that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during the last stage of the clotting process
Term
Prothrombin
Definition
A protein in the blood that is converted to thrombin in the coagulation process
Term
Arteries
Definition
Thick-walled vessels which carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues
Term
Arterioles
Definition
Small branches of arteries
Term
Vein
Definition
A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart
Term
Venules
Definition
Small blood vessels which merge into veins
Term
Capillaries
Definition
Tiny blood vessels connecting arteries to veins
Term
Venous valves
Definition
Non-return valves in the veins which only open when the blood is flowing towards the heart
Term
Sinus venosus
Definition
Early developmental cardiovascular structure, thin walled cavity, forming the input to developing heart
Term
Conus arteriosus
Definition
Conical pouch formed from the upper/left angle of the right ventricle, from which the pulmonary artery arises
Term
Pulmonary artery
Definition
Large artery that receives blood from the right ventricle and carries it to the lungs
Term
Pulmonary vein
Definition
Vessel that carries newly oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs
Term
Oncotic Pressure
Definition
The difference between the osmotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins in blood plasma and that exerted by tissue fluid proteins
Term
Angina Pectoris
Definition
Pain or discomfort due to lack of oxygen to the heart muscle
Term
Respiration
Definition
The transport of oxygen from the air to tissue cells, and the transport of CO2 in the opposite direction
Term
Fick's Law of Diffusion
Definition
Flux = -P x A(c2 - c1) where P = permeability, A = surface area, and c2-c1 = diff. in concentration
Term
Partial Pressure
Definition
Pressure that a component of a gaseous mixture would have if it alone occupied the same volume at the same temperature as the mix
Term
Countercurrent Flow
Definition
A trait of many fish, where the blood flow in their gills runs in the opposite direction as the flow of water, allowing for more oxygen uptake
Term
Pleural Cavity
Definition
Space enclosed by the pleura, a thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity
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