Term
| Growth slowing drugs are known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats important to know about conjugation? |
|
Definition
A mutated bacteria may pass its resitance gene to oterh bacteria thru this method.
It is the direct transfer of small circular DNA called plasmids.
|
|
|
Term
| Most common sites of HAI's are: |
|
Definition
1. Urinary Tract
2. Surgical Wounds
3. Respiratory Tract
4. Bacteremia |
|
|
Term
| The 2 types of resistant strains important to pharmacotherapy are: |
|
Definition
1. methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
2. Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE)
|
|
|
Term
| Difference b/w HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA |
|
Definition
HA-MRSA: acquired in hospitals and long-term care facilities: occur primarily in patients with weakened immune systems.
CA-MRSA: acquired non-hospitalized settings. Occur in "healthy" people and are manifested as skin and soft tissue infections, such as pimples and boils.
The strains that are responsible for HA-MRSA infections are distinctly different from those that cause CA-MRSA. Therefore, pharmacotherapy differs for both. |
|
|
Term
| Culture and Sensitivity (C & S) |
|
Definition
| The process of isolating the infectious organism and identifying the most effective antibiotic |
|
|
Term
Things good to know:
- Narrow spectrum antibiotics have less of an effect on host flora
- Should not prescribe antibiotics to patients who have a cough due to chronic bronchitis
- The use of multiple antibiotics can promote the emergence of MDRS's and produce unnecessary adv effects
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antagonism in response to drug prescribing: |
|
Definition
| In some cases combining two antibiotics may actually decrease each drug's effectiveness |
|
|
Term
| A drug class that has the highest incidence of allergic reactions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For the breastfeeding mother:
She should avoid which two antibiotics b/c of what effects? |
|
Definition
1. Tetracylclines: will cause teeth discoloration in NB
2. Aminoglycosides: can affect hearing |
|
|
Term
The various flora are in competition with each other for physical space and nutrients.
The term used to describe how the host defense mechanism is used to protect itself from being overrun by pathogenic organism
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organisms that commonly cause super infections are: (3) |
|
Definition
1. Clostridium albicans (vagina)
2. streptococci (oral cavity)
3. Clostridium difficile (colon) |
|
|
Term
Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
Examples of Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors |
|
Definition
1. Penecillins
2. Vancomycin
3. Cephalosporins
4. Carbapenems
5. Isoniazid
1. Penicillin G, Cefotaxime, Imipenem, isoniazid, vancomycin |
|
|
Term
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
Examples: |
|
Definition
1. Macrolides
2. Aminoglycosides
3. Tetracyclines
4. Ketolides
5. Streptogramins
"GET-L"
Gentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin, linezolid |
|
|
Term
Metabolic Pathway Inhibitors
Examples: |
|
Definition
1. Sulfonamides
2. Trimethoprim
dapsone (DDS), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra) |
|
|
Term
Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Example: |
|
Definition
Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin |
|
|
Term
| Disruption of cell membrane function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Disruption of plasma membrane (chemical class):
Examples: |
|
Definition
1. Azoles
2. Polyenes
Amphotericin B
Fluconazole
Nystatin |
|
|
