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Chapter 46 Reproduction
Animal Reproduction
21
Biology
Undergraduate 2
04/16/2013

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Term
sexual reproduction
Definition
- when two parents produce offspring that have genetic information from both parents
Term
asexual reproduction
Definition
- offsrping that can be made without gametes fusing together by division from the parent cell.
- offspring is genetically identical to the parent
Term
zygote
Definition
- fusion of haploid egg, & haploid sperm that forms the diploid zygote
Term
egg
Definition
- haploid female gamete cell
Term
sperm
Definition
- haploid male gamete cell
Term
fission
Definition
- when an organism separates into two or more individuals that are close to the same size (mitosis)
Term
budding
Definition
- a type of asexual reproduction in which organisms with the same DNA as the parent break off to live
independently or remain attached to form colonies (ex: corals)
Term
parthenogenesis
Definition
- form of asexual reproduction that females undergo to produce offspring from unfertilized eggs
Term
ovulation
Definition
- the releasing of mature eggs
Term
hermaphroditism
Definition
- when an organism has both female & male gonads & reproduce sperm & eggs
Term
fertilization
Definition
- union of sperm and egg
Term
external fertilization
Definition
- females release eggs into the enviroment where the male then fertilizes them
- ex: moist habitat (water, w/ fish)
Term
internal fertilization
Definition
- sperm is deposited near or in the female reproductive tract, & fertilization occurs within the tract.
Term
monotreme
Definition
- egg-laying mammal, such as a platypus or echida.
- have hair and produce milk but do not have nipples
Term
Oocyte
Definition
- cell in the female reproductive system that differentiates to form an egg
Term
gametogenesis
Definition
- process by which gametes are produced
Term
spermatogenesis
Definition
- continuous and massive amounts of the production of sperm in the testes
Term
Oogenesis
Definition
- the process in the ovary which makes the female gametes
Term
Acrosome
Definition
- a vesicle that is located at the tip of the sperm that contain the hydrolytic enzymes and proteins that help the sperm reach the egg.
Term
placenta
Definition
- structure in the pregnant uterus for nourishing a viviparous fetus with the mother's blood supply; formed from the uterine lining & embryonic membranes
Term
organogenesis
Definition
- process in which organ rudiments develop from the 3 germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm) after gastrulation
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